LoadError: 无法加载此类文件 — rspec/core/rake_task

Question

When I rake, I got this error.

AllenLins-MacBook-Pro:geoblacklight allenlin$ rake -t
Resolving dependencies...
You must `gem install bundler` and `bundle install` to run rake tasks
rake aborted!
LoadError: cannot load such file -- rspec/core/rake_task
/Users/allenlin/Documents/USpatial/geoblacklight/Rakefile:12:in `require'
/Users/allenlin/Documents/USpatial/geoblacklight/Rakefile:12:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/lib/ruby/2.2.0/rake/rake_module.rb:28:in `load'
/Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/lib/ruby/2.2.0/rake/rake_module.rb:28:in `load_rakefile'
/Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/lib/ruby/2.2.0/rake/application.rb:689:in `raw_load_rakefile'
/Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/lib/ruby/2.2.0/rake/application.rb:94:in `block in load_rakefile'
/Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/lib/ruby/2.2.0/rake/application.rb:176:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/lib/ruby/2.2.0/rake/application.rb:93:in `load_rakefile'
/Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/lib/ruby/2.2.0/rake/application.rb:77:in `block in run'
/Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/lib/ruby/2.2.0/rake/application.rb:176:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/lib/ruby/2.2.0/rake/application.rb:75:in `run'
/Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/bin/rake:33:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/bin/rake:23:in `load'
/Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/bin/rake:23:in `<main>'

However, I've run the 'gem install bundler' and 'bundle install' the rspec/core/rake_task actually exists, shown by

AllenLins-MacBook-Pro:geoblacklight allenlin$ gem which rspec/core/rake_task
/Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rspec-core-3.0.4/lib/rspec/core/rake_task.rb

I am lost here. Thanks so much for any help on this! I attached the Gemfile:

source 'https://rubygems.org'

# Specify your gem's dependencies in geoblacklight.gemspec
gemspec

# If we don't specify 2.11.0 we'll end up with sprockets 2.12.0 in the main
# Gemfile.lock but since sass-rails gets generated (rails new) into the test app
# it'll want sprockets 2.11.0 and we'll have a conflict
gem 'sprockets', '2.11.0'

# If we don't specify 3.2.15 we'll end up with sass 3.3.2 in the main
# Gemfile.lock but since sass-rails gets generated (rails new) into the test app
# it'll want sass 3.2.0 and we'll have a conflict
gem 'sass', '~> 3.2.0'
gem 'bootstrap-sass', ">= 3.2"

group :test do
  # Peg simplecov to < 0.8 until this is resolved:
  # https://github.com/colszowka/simplecov/issues/281
  gem 'simplecov', '~> 0.7.1', require: false
  gem 'coveralls', require: false
end

Update

Add my gem env if that's helpful

RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 2.4.5
  - RUBY VERSION: 2.2.2 (2015-04-13 patchlevel 95) [x86_64-darwin14]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/bin/ruby
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/bin
  - SPEC CACHE DIRECTORY: /Users/allenlin/.gem/specs
  - SYSTEM CONFIGURATION DIRECTORY: /Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/etc
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - x86_64-darwin-14
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0
     - /Users/allenlin/.gem/ruby/2.2.0
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/
  - SHELL PATH:
     - /Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/bin
     - /usr/local/Cellar/rbenv/0.4.0/libexec
     - /Users/allenlin/.rbenv/shims
     - /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/9.3/bin
     - /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin
     - /Users/allenlin/Library/Enthought/Canopy_64bit/User/bin
     - /Users/allenlin/.rbenv/versions/2.2.2/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/bundler-1.9.6/bin
     - /Users/allenlin/gradle-1.12/bin
     - /usr/local/bin
     - /Users/allenlin/apache-maven/apache-maven-3.1.1/bin
     - /usr/local/bin
     - /usr/bin
     - /bin
     - /usr/sbin
     - /sbin
     - /opt/X11/bin
     - /usr/local/git/bin
     - /usr/texbin

Answer 1

It seems that running bundle exec rake -t will work. Per bundler.io http://bundler.io/man/bundle-exec.1.html I suggest adding bundle exec to ensure that we are using the Gem specified in the current context. Also see this SO post. What does bundle exec rake mean?

Answer 2

After having earlier run : sudo gem install bundler

I created a Gemfile with:

gem 'rake'
gem 'rspec'
gem 'kramdown'

and did bundle install . Now I dont get the error.

Answer 3

In Production Environment

What happens is, capistrano is configured to only install gem bundle in production group(as in Gemfile). So it runs bundle command like bundle install --without development test .

Want to verify?

Run bundle install command in project dir in Production environment, you will see following

Using devise 4.2.0
Using activeadmin 1.0.0.pre4
Using responsive_active_admin 0.0.5
Bundle complete! 60 Gemfile dependencies, 133 gems now installed.
Gems in the groups development and test were not installed.
Bundled gems are installed into /path/to/your/app/production/shared/bundle.

Please note ( Gems in the groups development and test were not installed. ).

You might recall that you have specified rspec-rails gem to be installed in development mode only.

---

Solution

try to specify the RAILS_ENV like

# For Rails 5.0 +
RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rails -T

# or 

RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rake -T

# but this may not work
bundle exec rake -T RAILS_ENV=production

Answer 4

Assuming that you actually have rspec in your Gemfile, if you're getting this error it either means you're not running rake with the proper gems your application needs (use bundle exec rake from your application's root directory to solve), or that your rspec core gem has not been installed.

If after running bundle install , you still get the same error when running bundle exec rake , check that you've actually installed your "test mode" gems. This happened to me.

In my case, I had not installed my test gems because Bundler exhibits unconventional behavior by remembering the previous arguments passed to the --without option as noted here , so it could be that you think you're installing all your gems when you run bundle install but you might actually be running with (for example...) --without development test as well and not know it.

Check for something like "Gems in the groups development and test were not installed." at the end of your bundle install output.

To reset your bundle options, simply remove your ./.bundle dir (so... rm -r ./.bundle ). Now bundle install will be back to normal and rake should work.

Answer 5

I had this issue because in my gem file I did not specified the version of rspec and it got the old version. I updated my gem file to it:

gem 'rspec', '3.8.0'

and it worked!