JSON和Javascript出现问题

Question

I am trying to make a simple sample previewer for my client project. The list of samples are stored in a JSON file. but the trouble is that I am not too familiar with using JSON, or programming itself, to be honest. I have written a short test code to see if this JSON file works well, but although I can access sampleData variable from firebug console, the document.write(sampleData.length); line seems to be unable to access sampleData for some reason. The error shows:

TypeError: sampleData is undefined

I suspect it has to do with variable scopes, but I am not sure.

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.11.3.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    var sampleData;
    $.getJSON('res/Samples.json',function(data){
        sampleData=data;
    });
    document.write(sampleData.length);
</script>

What should I do to make the sampleData variable to work with the rest of the code?
I'm sorry I cannot disclose the contents of the json file. It contains an array of objects containing information of the products. it looks like

[
    {
    "aaa" : 000000;
    },
    {
    "bbb" : 111111;
    },
    {
    "ccc" : 222222;
    }
]

It's a quite generic form of JSON file, as far as I can tell.

Answer 1

Your code's fine, but $.getJSON just starts the process of getting the JSON file, and then allows your code to continue, calling document.write . The callback to $.getJSON is called later , after your document.write call. Instead, trigger any subsequent code you want to trigger from within the callback.

You can't usefully use document.write in this situation. You can use the DOM, though, and jQuery's various DOM wrapper functions. For instance:

$.getJSON('res/Samples.json',function(data){
    $("<p>").html(data.length).appendTo(document.body);
});

Answer 2

It's due to the async response from $.getJSON .

var sampleData;
$.getJSON('res/Samples.json', function(data) {
  sampleData = data; // This is occurring after the document.write
});
document.write(sampleData.length);

This is essentially the same as:

var sampleData;
setTimeout(function() {
  sampleData = 'Some data'; // This is occurring after the document.write
}, 100);
document.write(sampleData.length);

You could move the document.write to the response handler but as noted below it does have its drawbacks :

var sampleData;
$.getJSON('res/Samples.json', function(data) {
  document.write(sampleData.length); // This would replace the page contents
});

Answer 3

It happens asynchronously, so you need to call document.write in the async call itself:

var sampleData;
$.getJSON('res/Samples.json',function(data){
    sampleData = data;
    document.write(sampleData.length);
});

Also, if you're using document.write in your production code to write to the page, I would suggest against it. If you used document.write in the above example just for debugging purposes (to figure out why it wasn't working), I would suggest using console.log instead. Much easier.

Answer 4

$.getJSON is an async function and when you do document.write(sampleData.length); , sampleData is not populated yet.

You must to do:

$.getJSON('res/Samples.json',function(data){
   sampleData=data;
   document.write(sampleData.length);
});

Answer 5

Well is reason is you call the sampleData.length before the ajax call return the values you need to put the document.write(sampleData.length); inside the ajax function

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.11.3.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    var sampleData;
    $.getJSON('res/Samples.json',function(data){
        sampleData=data;
        document.write(sampleData.length);
    });

</script>