使用Mockito测试void方法

Question

I have a method like this:

public void someMethod() {
  A a = new A(); // Where A is some class.
  a.setVar1(20);
  a.someMethod();
}

I want to test 2 things:

1. The value of Var1 member variable of a is 20.
2. someMethod() is called exactly once.

I have 2 questions:

1. Are those test objectives correct or should I be testing something else ?
2. How exactly do I test this using Mockito ?

Answer 1

You can't test that using Mockito, because Mockito can't access a local variable that your code creates and then let go out of scope.

You could test the method if A was a injected dependency of your class under test, or of the method under test

public class MyClass {
    private A a;

    public MyClass(A a) {
        this.a = a;
    }

    public void someMethod() {
        a.setVar1(20);
        a.someMethod();
    }
}

In that case, you could create a mock A, then create an instance of MyClass with this mock A, call the method and verify if the mock A has been called.

With your code, as it is, the only way to test the code is to verify the side effects of calling someMethod() on an A with var1 equal to 20. If A.setVar1() and A.someMethod() don't have any side-effect, then the code is useless: it creates an object, modifies it, and forgets about it.

Answer 2

Use JB Nizet's advice but note that order is important to you:

When verifying and order is important, use:

A mock = mock(A);

new MyClass(mock).someMethod();

InOrder order = inOrder(mock);
order.verify(mock).setVar1(20);
order.verify(mock).someMethod();

(Testing for exactly one invocation is the default in mockito).

Caution

This kind of test will be tightly coupled to the implementation. So do this in moderation. In general aim for testing state rather than implementation where possible.

Answer 3

Ad 1) Testing setters usually doesn't make much sense, but if you want to to then surely you have a getter on A to verify that var1 is set to 20?

Ad 2) You can use @Spy and verify() to test invocations on methods.

A spy = spy( a );
verify( spy , times( 1 ) ).someMethod();

Your example code is a bit terse, so my answer is very general - hope you can work with it.

Cheers,