[英]awk: Preserve multiple field separators
I'm using awk to swap fields in a filename using two different field separators. 我正在使用awk使用两个不同的字段分隔符交换文件名中的字段。 I want to know if it's possible to preserve both separators, '/' and '_', in the correct positions in the output.
我想知道是否有可能在输出中的正确位置保留两个分隔符“ /”和“ _”。
Example: 例:
I want to change this: 我要更改此:
/path/to/ example_file _123.txt / path / to / example_file _123.txt
into this: 到这个:
/path/to/ file_example _123.txt / path / to / file_example _123.txt
I've tried: 我试过了:
awk -F "[/_]" '{ t=$3; $3=$4; $4=t;print}' file.txt
but the field separators are missing from the output: 但是输出中缺少字段分隔符:
path to file example 123.txt
I've tried preserving the field separators: 我试过保留字段分隔符:
awk -F "[/_]" '{t=$3; $3=$4; $4=t; OFS=FS; print}' file.txt
but I get this: 但我明白了:
[/_]path[/_]to[/_]file[/_]example[/_]123.txt
Is there a way of preserving the correct original field separator in awk when you're dealing multiple separators? 处理多个分隔符时,有没有办法在awk中保留正确的原始字段分隔符?
Here is one solution: 这是一种解决方案:
awk -F/ '{n=split($NF,a,"_");b=a[1];a[1]=a[2];a[2]=b;$NF=a[1];for (i=2;i<=n;i++) $NF=$NF"_"a[i]}1' OFS=/ file
/path/to/file_example_123.txt
You can always use Perl. 您可以随时使用Perl。
Given: 鉴于:
$ echo $e
/path/to/example_file_123.txt
Then: 然后:
$ echo $e | perl -ple 's/([^_\/]+)_([^_\/]+)/\2_\1/'
/path/to/file_example_123.txt
$ cat /tmp/1
/path/to/example_file_123.txt
/path/to/example_file_345.txt
$ awk -F'_' '{split($1,a,".*/"); gsub(a[2],"",$1);print $1$2"_"a[2]"_"$3}' /tmp/1
/path/to/file_example_123.txt
/path/to/file_example_345.txt
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