松耦合是否可以通过任何其他方式而不是使用父类引用变量来实现，通常不是在我的代码中专门进行？

Question

Tight coupling is when a group of classes are highly dependent on one another.

class C {
    A a;

    C(B b) {
      a = b;
    }
}

Interface A {
}

class B implements A {
}

In my code I am accepting object of class through reference of class B not by parent interface A.

1. Is my code loosely or tightly coupled?

   Loose coupling is achieved by means of a design that promotes single-responsibility and separation of concerns.

2. using the reference of parent class or interface make code more flexible to adopt any child class's object but how does it promotes single-responsibility.

3. Is loose coupling can be achieved by any other manner rather than using parent class reference variable, in any case not specifically in mine code?

Answer 1

This feels homeworky, but here is my answer.

The code is tightly coupled because the constructor for C depends upon B instead of the interface A . If you wanted to decouple C from B , you would accept an instance of A instead of B .

Loosely Coupled Code

class C {
    A a;

    C(A a) {
      this.a = a;
    }
}

Answer 2

Ans1:

Tight coupling is when a group of classes are highly dependent on one another.

Your code is tight coupled because:

Because constructor for C depends upon B, and you are storing object of B in type A.

Ans2:

Loose coupling is achieved by means of a design that promotes single-responsibility and separation of concerns.

Interfaces are a powerful tool to use for decoupling. Classes can communicate through interfaces rather than other concrete classes, and any class can be on the other end of that communication simply by implementing the interface.

Example:

class C {
    A a;

    C(A b) { // use interface A rather Class B
      a = b;
    }
}