如何在Maven中创建可执行文件？

Question

I am working on a compiler project. What I am suppose to do is, I have to generate an executable called "ctop" using maven. By using that executable I have to be able to do "ctop cfile pfile" which will generate an assembly file called "pfile" from a program in c called "cfile". As I have never used maven before I have no idea how to do that. I'm using eclipse IDE and I have created maven project as well. But I have no idea how to work with maven. I have a main file located at (/src/main/java/me/name/project_compiler/Main.java). I have to be able to execute this and other mains.

My pom.xml file looks like this

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>me.name</groupId>
  <artifactId>project-compiler</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <name>project-compiler</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>
</project>

Thanks in advance!

Answer 1

The best teacher to this question is the following article, assume that you have basic maven knowledge: Maven-Assembly-Plugin

Next is a simple example:

1. configure the assembly plugin to ur pom.xml, that means add the assembly plugin config to the pom's build/plugins module. for u, add the below code after dependencies, don't forget to change the mainClass.

<build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>     <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.5.4</version>
                <configuration>
                    <descriptors>
                        <descriptor>assembly.xml</descriptor>
                    </descriptors>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <mainClass>urpackage.Main</mainClass>
                        </manifest>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>make-assembly</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>single</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

2. edit the assembly.xml file, the field such as project.build.directory is maven self-supported

<assembly
    xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.3"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.3 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-1.1.3.xsd">
        <id>bin</id>
        <formats>
            <!--u have many other choices-->
            <format>tar.bz2</format>
            <format>zip</format>
        </formats>
        <includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>
        <fileSets>
            <!--put fileSet config to include or exclude files in ur final package-->
            <fileSet>
                <directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
                <outputDirectory>${project.artifactId}</outputDirectory>
                <includes>
                    <include>${project.build.finalName}.${project.packaging}</include>
                </includes>
            </fileSet>
            <fileSet>
                <directory>${project.build.directory}/lib</directory>
                <outputDirectory>${project.artifactId}/lib</outputDirectory>
                <includes>
                    <include>*</include>
                </includes>
            </fileSet>
        </fileSets>
    </assembly>

3. run: mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true, then you will get what you want in your target directory, just unpackage&check it