如何仅在查询属性中指定某些字段

Question

I am using a service which wraps requests to Elastic Search. This service only allows me to send the query property to Elastic Search. I want to tell Elastic Search to look only for matches in a certain field in a document.

For example, if this is my document:

{
  name: 'foo',
  value: 'true'
}

Then I want to tell Elastic Search to look only for documents where name equals foo .

The Elastic Search documentation says to do this by using the fields property like so:

{
  "multi_match" : {
    "query" : "this is a test",
    "fields" : [ "subject^3", "message" ] 
  }
}

But I can ONLY access the query property, so I can't specify fields . Lower down on the page, under best fields it says that this is equivalent to doing something like +first_name:will +first_name:smith . But when I put this, it's looking for text that actually matches +first_name:will +first_name:smith in the value, rather than looking for a first_name field that has a value will .

Is it possible to specify what field to search in with Elastic Search using only the query property?

Answer 1

This sounds like a perfect match for query_string ( https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/1.x/query-dsl-query-string-query.html ). You can do something like this with it:

"query_string" : {
    "query" : "subject:whatever OR message:whatever"
  }

So, if you can change multi_match to query_string this would be what you are looking for.

Answer 2

Lucene supports fielded data. When performing a search you can either specify a field, or use the default field. The field names and default field is implementation specific.

You can search any field by typing the field name followed by a colon ":" and then the term you are looking for.

{
    "query": {
        "query_string": {
            "query": "Name:\"foo bar cook\"",
            "default_operator" : "or"
        }
    }
}

use default_operator and to perform AND operation, or to perform OR kind of operation among the values