如何在选项卡中保持没有backstack的片段状态？

Question

I am trying to save fragment state in onSaveInstanceState but when i go back to fragment, it always reloaded again instead of starting from last state.

I looked into onCreateView and onActivityCreated and it always have onSaveInstanceState as null.

public void navigateFragment(String tag, Fragment fragment,
        boolean shouldAdd) {

    FragmentManager manager = getSupportFragmentManager();
    FragmentTransaction ft = manager.beginTransaction();


    if (shouldAdd)
        mStacks.get(tag).push(fragment); // push fragment on stack

    ft.replace(android.R.id.tabcontent, fragment);

    if (shouldAdd)
        ft.addToBackStack(tag);

    ft.commit();

    }

As i am unable to use backstack because in tabs back stack is not useful. Any help would be highly appreciated.

Answer 1

In this case you have to manage fragments' states by yourself. I don't know exactly how your code works so the only thing I can do is to give you some hints.

The first thing you need to implement is saving fragment's state. Let's assume that all fragments have unique ids. In this case you need to create a map that will keep all the states:

private final Map<String, Fragment.SavedState> mFragmentStates = new HashMap<>();

private void saveFragmentState(String id, Fragment fragment) {
    Fragment.SavedState fragmentState = 
            getSupportFragmentManager().saveFragmentInstanceState(fragment);
    mFragmentStates.put(id, fragmentState);
}

You need to call this method for a fragment that you're going to remove. Then we need to restore fragment's state and that's how we can do it:

private void restoreFragmentState(String id, Fragment fragment) {
    Fragment.SavedState fragmentState = mFragmentStates.remove(id);
    if (fragmentState != null) {
        fragment.setInitialSavedState(savedState);
    }
}

This method you need to call before adding a fragment to a transaction.

The code provided should work fine but to make it work correctly on activity recreation we need to save and restore mFragmentStates properly:

private static final String KEY_FRAGMENT_STATES = "fragment_states";

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    /* Your code ... */

    if (savedInstanceState != null) {
        Bundle fragmentStates =
                savedInstanceState.getParcelable(KEY_FRAGMENT_STATES);
        if (fragmentStates != null) {
            for (String id : fragmentStates.keySet()) {
                Fragment.SavedState fragmentState =
                        fragmentStates.getParcelable(id);
                mFragmentStates.put(id, fragmentState);
            }
        }
    }
}

@Override
protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
    super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
    /* Your code ... */

    Bundle fragmentStates = new Bundle(mFragmentStates.size());
    for (Map.Entry<String, Fragment.SavedState> entry : mFragmentStates.entrySet()) {
        fragmentStates.put(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
    }
    outState.putParcelable(KEY_FRAGMENT_STATES, fragmentStates);
}

Also you can take a look at FragmentStatePagerAdapter class. It uses the same approach for managing states of ViewPager 's fragments.

UPDATE : And so your code should end up looking something like this:

private Fragment mCurrentFragment;

public void navigateFragment(String tag, Fragment fragment,
        boolean shouldAdd) {
    FragmentManager manager = getSupportFragmentManager();
    FragmentTransaction transaction = manager.beginTransaction();

    if (shouldAdd) {
        mStacks.get(tag).push(fragment); // push fragment on stack
    }

    if (mCurrentFragment != null) {
        saveFragmentState(mCurrentFragment.getClass().getName(), mCurrentFragment);
    }

    mCurrentFragment = fragment;
    restoreFragmentState(fragment.getClass().getName(), fragment);
    transaction.replace(android.R.id.tabcontent, fragment);

    if (shouldAdd) {
        // You shouldn't use back-stack when managing fragment states by yourself.
        transaction.addToBackStack(tag);
    }

    transaction.commit();
}

In this example I use fragment's class name as an id so all the fragment must have different classes. But you can use any other unique value as an id. And another important thing I have to mention is that you shouldn't use back-stack when managing fragment states by yourself. Back-stack performs similar state management and you will likely have conflicts.

Answer 2

I think you should use the idea of Shared Preferences , this is faster than using local files or database, and definitely easier to code. A good Android webpage @ Storage Options . I'll put some sample code from the webpage and change a few to fit your needs.

First, get the data saved from preferences in onCreate() override method:

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
   super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

   SharedPreferences settings = getSharedPreferences(PREFS_NAME, 0);
   boolean silent = settings.getBoolean("silentMode", false);
...
}

Next let's save data before the fragment stops or exits, for various reasons. Achieve this by override onDetach method, the webpage override onStop() instead.

@Override
public void onDetach() {
   super.onDetach();
   ...
   SharedPreferences settings = getSharedPreferences(PREFS_NAME, 0);
   SharedPreferences.Editor editor = settings.edit();
   editor.putBoolean("silentMode", mSilentMode);

   // Commit the edits!
   editor.commit();
}

Good luck, have fun!

Answer 3

You are doing replace fragment, thats why fragment is getting destroyed. You can try below. Here i am doing two things in single FragmentTransaction , i am adding a new fragment & hiding the existing fragment.

Lets say we are adding fragment B on top of Fragment A

    FragmentTransaction ft = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
    ft.add(android.R.id.tabcontent, fragmentB, tagFragmentB)
            .hide(fragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(tagFragmentA))
            .addToBackStack(tag)
            .commit();

Once you do back press, it will remove the fragment B & show the fragment A with same state(before you added fragment B )

Please note here tagFragmentA & tagFragmentB are tags with which fragments A & B are added respectively

Answer 4

I am not clear of way kind of vie you are using for implementing Tabs. I guessed from,

ft.replace(android.R.id.tabcontent, fragment);

that you might have implemented FragmentTabHost.

write a customFragmentTabhost and override

 @Override
public void onTabChanged(String tabId) {
    FragmentTransaction t = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
    if (tabId.equals(“Tab1”)) {
        TabFragment1 fragment1 = null;
        if (getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(“Tab1”) == null) {
            fragment1 = new TabFragment1();
        } else {
            fragment1 = (TabFragment1) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag("Tab1");
        }
        t.replace(R.id.realContent, fragment1, "Tab1").addToBackStack(null).commit();
    }
}

UPDATE:

1. Ensure Activity is not recreated on orientation, If so setRetainInstance(true), so that even if activity is recreated on orientation change, the fragments will be retained.

2. Do give id for any views in the fragment. It is important for Android system to maintain state.

Answer 5

      clearBackStackEntry();
                        rl.setVisibility(View.GONE);

                        getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
                                .replace(FRAGMENT_CONTAINER, new HomeScreen())
                                .addToBackStack(null).commit();

     private void clearBackStackEntry() {
            int count = getSupportFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount();
            if (count > 0) {
                getSupportFragmentManager().popBackStack(null,
                        FragmentManager.POP_BACK_STACK_INCLUSIVE);
            }
        }



TRY THIS AND One more for fragment also try this: but use support.v4.app.Fragment, May be it will help you


Fragment fr = new main();
                android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = getFragmentManager()
                        .beginTransaction();
                fragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.fragment_place, fr);
                fragmentTransaction.commit();
                // getActivity().finish();

Answer 6

declare

setRetainInstance(true) 

In your fragment onCreate(). to recreate previous state
And link will helpful for understanding for how setRetainInstance work.

Understanding Fragment's setRetainInstance(boolean)

Why use Fragment#setRetainInstance(boolean)?

Thanks :)

Answer 7

it is very simple to handle these things. I can give you the sample to handle the back press on Fr agents which we added.

I have declared a fragment stack and push all the fragments in it like;

public static Stack<Fragment> fragmentStack;

make a method like this:

    public static void replaceFragementsClick(Fragment fragementObj,     Bundle bundleObj, String title){
        try {
            FragmentManager fragmentManager = ((FragmentActivity)     mContext).getSupportFragmentManager();
            if (fragementObj != null) {

            fragementObj.setArguments(bundleObj);
                fragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.frame_container,     fragementObj).commit();
            } 

            DashBoardActivity.fragmentStack.push(fragementObj);


        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

Try this one also:

    public static void replaceFragementsClickBack(Fragment fragementObj, Bundle bundleObj, String title){
        try {
            FragmentManager fragmentManager = ((FragmentActivity) mContext).getSupportFragmentManager();
            if (fragementObj != null) {

            fragementObj.setArguments(bundleObj);
                fragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.frame_container,     fragementObj).commit();

                DashBoardActivity.fragmentStack.pop();
            } 
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
}

In the base activity where you have added, override the backpressed like:

@Override
    public void onBackPressed() {
            /**
             * Do Current Fragment Pop
             * */           
            fragmentStack.pop();            

            if(fragmentStack.size() >0){

                Bundle bunldeObj = new Bundle();
                //******Exit from Current Fragment
               Fragment fragment = fragmentStack.pop(); 
//                  fragmentStack.push(fragment);
                    if(fragment instanceof PhotosFragment){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");               
                    replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Photos");
                }else if(fragment instanceof PhotoDetatilFragment){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");
                    replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Photos");
                }else if(fragment instanceof PhotoFullViewFragment){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");
                    replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Photos");
                }else if(fragment instanceof HomeFragment){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");
                    replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Home");
                }else if(fragment instanceof VideosFragment){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");
                    replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Videos");
                }else if(fragment instanceof VideoDetailFragment){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");
                    replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Videos");
                }else if(fragment instanceof VideoViewFragment){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");
                    replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Videos");
                }else if(fragment instanceof MusicFragment){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");
                    replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Music");
                }else if(fragment instanceof MusicListFragment){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");
                    replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Music");
                }else if(fragment instanceof InstallAppsFragment){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");
                    replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Apps");
                }else if(fragment instanceof MessageFragment){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");
                        replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Messages");
                }else if(fragment instanceof MessageDetailFragment){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");
                    replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Messages");
                }else if(fragment instanceof LocateDeviceFragment){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");
                    replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Locate     Device");
                }else if(fragment instanceof FilesFragmentBottomBar){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");
                    replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Files");
                }else if(fragment instanceof AppsFragment){
                    bunldeObj.putString("position", "4");
                    replaceFragementsClick(fragment,bunldeObj,"Apps");  



            }else {
                super.onBackPressed();

                Intent intent = new     Intent(DashBoardActivity.this,ConnectDeviceActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
                finish();
        }
    }