如何清理C ++编译器命令？

Question

I tried searching for a question like this as best as I could, but I simply don't know how exactly to ask the question. I apologize if this has been answered before, or if it is a trivial question. I am new to the large (and quite intimidating!) world of C++. I will try my best in the future.

Let me try to explain what I mean:

I am on Linux Ubuntu 14.04. On Ubuntu, to compile a C++ program I wrote, for example, let's say some file myProgram.cpp, I cd to its directory and type the following into the terminal:

g++ myProgram.cpp -o myProgram

This way, I can then type:

./myProgram

To run myProgram. This was simple and satisfactory -- and I learned this from reading the C++ Primer. After finding myself comfortable coding in C++, I decided to move onto giving myself a project, which involved using Image Magick, specifically, its C++ API: Magick++. However, now, if I wish to compile something, I have to type this ugly mess:

g++ `Magick++-config --cxxflags --cppflags` -o testMagick testMagick.cpp `Magick++-config --ldflags --libs`

To make my code compile and execute. This seems very messy, and when I was trying to see if CImg was any better, it turned out that it needed its own set of arguments like -lm , -lpthread and -lX11 . It also turned out that to compile with C++11, I had to write -std=c++0x . So my question is:

Is there a way to simplify/clean up my compile statements in the terminal, or do I have to find out and use a specific set of arguments whenever I compile a different kind of program using a different API?

Answer 1

In a pinch, you can just make a shell script to execute this for you. That lets you separate the clutter out:

#!/bin/bash
IMAPI_OPTS=$(Magick++-config --cxxflags --cppflags)
IMAPI_LIBS=$(Magick++-config --ldflags --libs)

g++ $IMAPI_OPTS -o testMagick testMagick.cpp $IMAPI_LIBS

You could call this file build.sh , and make it executable. Then, just typing ./build.sh would do the build the same way each time.

This isn't too far off what a Makefile would look like, however, and using a Makefile may be better for you in the long run. The simplest Makefile that behaves like the above, and performs no dependency checks is:

IMAPI_OPTS=`Magick++-config --cxxflags --cppflags`
IMAPI_LIBS=`Magick++-config --ldflags --libs`

all:
        g++ $(IMAPI_OPTS) -o testMagick testMagick.cpp $(IMAPI_LIBS)

In this case, you just save it to the file called Makefile , and run make to do your build.

If you are interested to know more, try this link: GNU make: Introduction