如何在 JavaScript 中创建数据结构？

Question

I am a C# developer that is trying to get his hands on JavaScript as well.

For a data handling program, I want to create a data structure like:

id,
begin,
end,
organiser,
    name,
    city,
    postalcode,
    street,
venue,
    name,
    city,
    postalcode,
    street

Coming from C#, I would create a "class" (gig.js) for the main structure:

function Gig(gig)
{
  this.id = gig.id;
  this.begin = gig.begin;
  this.end = gig.end;
  this.organiser = gig.organiser;
  this.venue = gig.venue;
}

and a "class" (address.js) for organiser and venue:

function Address(a)
{
  this.name = a.name;
  this.city = a.city;
  this.postalcode = a.postalcode;
  this.street = a.street;
}

As I need to refer to the Address-class in the Gig-class, I wanted to reference the address-class in the main class, like

include address.js

I have searched through the web and to my huge surprise, there seems to be no include mechanism at all. HTML5 introduced a way to include JavaScript in another JavaScript, but is seems like no browser is supporting this so far I red some possible solutions here but they all look like hacks for a (from what I expected) simple one line code.

So, how do you do using another JavaScript-File nowadays? Do I need to use an other architectural approach for this? Do I simply include them in the calling html and when I write the code for the main class, I simply hope, that the address class was loaded as well?

Thanks in advance,
Frank

Answer 1

Simple approach: embed the classes in HTML:

<script src="path/to/address.js"></script>
<script src="path/to/gig.js"></script>
<script>
    // address is loaded before gig (sync loading), and now can use both
</script>

for more complex dependencies: A common way to approach it is bundling your modules using browserify

Edit: Since latter seems to be what you're looking for, here's an example:

src/gig.js:

// require dependencies
// one of your source files
var Address = require('./src/address');
// npm package dependency as installed by npm i someLib --save-dev
var someLib = require('someLib');

var Gig = function() {
    this.address = new Address();
}
// provide dependency
export.Gig = Gig;

main.js:

var exampleStuff = require('src/Gig');
go();

You install browserify and additional modules via npm, then bundle:

browserify main.js -o dist.js

then include dist.js in your html <script> tag

Answer 2

Use RequireJS . Requirejs is a library that provides a nice interface for handling dependencies. There is a nice tutorial for it here . Other than that, you are right that there is currently no implemented way to enforce dependencies in JS, other than to hope that whoever is using your JS file has added the right source elements in the html. This is why JavaScript libraries are commonly condensed to one file.