如何使用 C++/Qt/CMake 项目构建 Rust 代码？

Question

I have an existing C++/Qt project built with CMake. I'd like to start adding Rust code which I can invoke from inside the main C++ codebase.

What's the right way to structure the project?

Current project structure:

./CMakeLists.txt
./subproject-foo/CMakeLists.txt
./subproject-foo/src/...
./subproject-bar/CmakeLists.txt
./subproject-bar/src/...
./common/CMakeLists.txt
./common/src/...

I'd like to add a common-rust/... directory with similar structure.

How can I incorporate this into the project?

Answer 1

You can use the ExternalProject module for this. It's designed to allow building of external dependencies - even ones which don't use CMake. Here's a useful article on using it.

So say you have your "common-rust" subdirectory and its Cargo.toml contains:

[package]
name = "rust_example"
version = "0.1.0"

[lib]
name = "rust_example"
crate-type = ["staticlib"]

and it exposes a function add via its lib.rs:

#[no_mangle]
pub extern fn add(lhs: u32, rhs: u32) -> u32 {
    lhs + rhs
}

Then your top-level CMakeLists.txt could look something like this:

add_executable(Example cpp/main.cpp)

# Enable ExternalProject CMake module
include(ExternalProject)

# Set default ExternalProject root directory
set_directory_properties(PROPERTIES EP_PREFIX ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/Rust)

# Add rust_example as a CMake target
ExternalProject_Add(
    rust_example
    DOWNLOAD_COMMAND ""
    CONFIGURE_COMMAND ""
    BUILD_COMMAND cargo build COMMAND cargo build --release
    BINARY_DIR "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/common-rust"
    INSTALL_COMMAND ""
    LOG_BUILD ON)

# Create dependency of Example on rust_example
add_dependencies(Example rust_example)

# Specify Example's link libraries
target_link_libraries(Example
    debug "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/common-rust/target/debug/librust_example.a"
    optimized "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/common-rust/target/release/librust_example.a"
    ws2_32 userenv advapi32)

set_target_properties(Example PROPERTIES CXX_STANDARD 11 CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)

When you build the Rust target as a staticlib it outputs which other libraries should be linked. I've only tried this on Windows, hence ws2_32 , userenv , and advapi32 are linked. This won't be cross-platform obviously, but you can handle that easily enough (eg set a variable to the list of dependencies appropriate to each platform inside an if..else block and append that in the target_link_libraries call).

Also note that this depends on Cargo being available in the path.

You should be good to go now. The file "cpp/main.cpp" could contain something like:

#include <cstdint>
#include <iostream>

extern "C" {
  uint32_t add(uint32_t lhs, uint32_t rhs);
}

int main() {
  std::cout << "1300 + 14 == " << add(1300, 14) << '\n';
  return 0;
}

Here's a link to a working example project .

Answer 2

There is now a project that can be used to build: Corrosion https://github.com/corrosion-rs/corrosion

So your CMakeLists.txt would just have this:

# See the Corrosion README to find more ways to get Corrosion
find_package(Corrosion REQUIRED)

corrosion_import_crate(MANIFEST_PATH ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/common-rust)