[英]What's really happening when we use a method as a parameter by reference?
Suppose this: 假设这:
class A
{
public:
A(int x) : m_someDataMember(x) {}
~A() {}
int& someMethod(){ return m_someDataMember; }
private:
int m_someDataMember;
};
class B
{
public:
B(){}
~B(){}
void anotherMethod(int& someInt){ /*...*/}
};
Now in main, 现在主要
int main(/*..*/)
{
A a(5);
B b;
b.anotherMethod(a.someMethod());
}
My question being, what is exactly being received in anotherMethod()
? 我的问题是, anotherMethod()
到底收到了什么? Is it the memory address itself of m_someDataMember
from object a, or the memory address of a copy of m_someDataMemeber
returned by a.someMethod()
? 难道是内存地址本身的m_someDataMember
从对象,或副本的内存地址m_someDataMemeber
由归国a.someMethod()
EDIT: Corrected typo, missing &
in int& someMethod()
编辑:纠正错字,缺少&
int& someMethod()
what is exactly being received in anotherMethod()? 在anotherMethod()中到底收到了什么?
A reference to that same variable is received. 收到对该相同变量的 引用 。
Is it the memory address itself of m_someDataMember from object a or the memory address of a copy of m_someDataMemeber returned by a.someMethod()? 它是对象a中m_someDataMember的内存地址本身,还是a.someMethod()返回的m_someDataMemeber副本的内存地址?
That reference may be a memory address, but C++ doesn't dictate how the compiler must implement references. 该引用可能是一个内存地址,但是C ++并未规定编译器必须如何实现引用。 The entire class could exist in a CPU register as well, in which case it has no memory address. 整个类也可以存在于CPU寄存器中,在这种情况下,它没有内存地址。
But a copy of m_someDataMember
is not made. 但是不会创建m_someDataMember
的副本。 It refers to the same variable. 它引用相同的变量。
It will be a compiler error as you are trying to bind a non const
reference to a temporary object. 当您尝试将非const
引用绑定到临时对象时,这将是编译器错误。
See this live example 看到这个现场的例子
You can fix this by either having someMethod()
return a reference which you might not want to do or you can take a const
reference. 您可以通过使someMethod()
返回您可能不想执行的引用来解决此问题,也可以采用const
引用。
See this live example of using a const
reference 请参阅此使用const
引用的实时示例
Edit based on OP changes : 根据OP更改进行编辑 :
If you have a function that returns a reference and you call that function in the parameter list of another function then that function will be referencing whatever variable the first function returned. 如果您有一个返回引用的函数,并且在另一个函数的参数列表中调用了该函数,则该函数将引用第一个函数返回的任何变量。 No copy will be made in this instance. 在这种情况下,不会进行任何复制。
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