如何使用GSON解析JSON响应（Java / Android）

Question

I just need a quick advice, as i am a total beginner with JSON.

I get the following response from a webserver, which i store in a String:

{  
   "station62":[  
      {  
         "departureTime":1982,
         "delay":"-1.0",
         "line":"6",
         "stationName":"randomname",
         "direction":2
      }
   ],
   "station63":[  
      {  
         "departureTime":1234,
         "delay":"-1.0",
         "line":"87",
         "stationName":"anotherrandomname",
         "direction":2
      }
   ],
   "station64":[  
      {  
         "departureTime":4542,
         "delay":"-1.0",
         "line":"4",
         "stationName":"yetanotherrandomname",
         "direction":2
      }
   ],
   "station65":[  
      {  
         "departureTime":1232,
         "delay":"-1.0",
         "line":"23",
         "stationName":"onemorerandomname",
         "direction":2
      }
   ]
}

(Sorry, i dont know how the indent works on here.)

The response is longer, but for this example it is shortened. So what i need is to parse the information of each of these "station"-objects. I dont need the "station62"-String, i only need "departureTime", "delay", "line", "stationName" and "direction" in a java-object.

I have read this, but i couldnt make it work: https://stackoverflow.com/a/16378782

I am a total beginner, so any help would be really appreciated.

Edit: Here is my code:

I made a wrapper class just like in the example link above. I played with the map types a bit, but no luck so far.

public class ServerResponse
{

private Map<String, ArrayList<Station>> stationsInResponse = new HashMap<String, ArrayList<Station>>();

public Map<String, ArrayList<Station>> getStationsInResponse()
{
    return stationsInResponse;
}

public void setStationsInResponse(Map<String, ArrayList<Station>> stationsInResponse)
{
    this.stationsInResponse = stationsInResponse;
}
}

The problem is, that this map does not get filled by the gson.fromJSON(...)-call i am showing below. The map size is always zero.

Station class looks like this:

public class Station
{
String line;
String stationName;
String departureTime;
String direction;
String delay;

// getters and setters are there aswell
}

And what i am trying to do is

Gson gson = new Gson();
ServerResponse response = gson.fromJson(jsonString, ServerResponse.class);

where "jsonString" contains the JSON response as a string.

I hope that code shows what i need to do, it should be pretty simple but i am just not good enough in JSON.

EDIT 2

Would i need my JSON to be like this?

{"stationsInResponse": {
"station62": [{
    "departureTime": 1922,
    "delay": "-1.0",
    "line": "8",
    "stationName": "whateverrandomname",
    "direction": 2
  }],
"station67": [{
    "departureTime": 1573,
    "delay": "-1.0",
    "line": "8",
    "stationName": "rndmname",
    "direction": 2
  }],
"station157": [{
    "departureTime": 1842,
    "delay": "-2.0",
    "line": "8",
    "stationName": "randomname",
    "direction": 2
  }]
}}

Answer 1

Here is the working code:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import com.google.gson.Gson;

public class GSONTest {

    public static void main(String[] args){

        String gsonStr = "{\"stationsInResponse\": { \"station62\":[  {  \"departureTime\":1982,\"delay\":\"-1.0\",\"line\":\"6\",\"stationName\":\"randomname\",\"direction\":2} ],\"station63\":[  {  \"departureTime\":1981,\"delay\":\"-1.1\",\"line\":\"7\",\"stationName\":\"randomname2\",\"direction\":3} ]}}";

        Gson gson = new Gson();
        Response response = gson.fromJson(gsonStr, Response.class);

        System.out.println("Map size:"+response.getStationsInResponse().size());

        for (Iterator iterator = response.getStationsInResponse().keySet().iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) {

            String key = (String) iterator.next();

            ArrayList<Station> stationList = (ArrayList<Station>) response.getStationsInResponse().get(key);

            for (Iterator iterator2 = stationList.iterator(); iterator2.hasNext();) {

                Station station = (Station) iterator2.next();

                System.out.println("Delay: "+station.getDelay());
                System.out.println("DepartureTime: "+station.getDepartureTime());
                System.out.println("Line: "+station.getLine());
                System.out.println("StationName: "+station.getStationName());
            }


        }


    }


}

class Response {
      private Map<String, List<Station>> stationsInResponse;
      //getters and setters

    public Map<String, List<Station>> getStationsInResponse() {
        return stationsInResponse;
    }

    public void setStationsInResponse(Map<String, List<Station>> stationsInResponse) {
        this.stationsInResponse = stationsInResponse;
    }
    }

class Station {
      private String departureTime;
      public String getDepartureTime() {
        return departureTime;
    }
    public void setDepartureTime(String departureTime) {
        this.departureTime = departureTime;
    }
    public String getDelay() {
        return delay;
    }
    public void setDelay(String delay) {
        this.delay = delay;
    }
    public String getLine() {
        return line;
    }
    public void setLine(String line) {
        this.line = line;
    }
    public String getStationName() {
        return stationName;
    }
    public void setStationName(String stationName) {
        this.stationName = stationName;
    }
    public String getDirection() {
        return direction;
    }
    public void setDirection(String direction) {
        this.direction = direction;
    }
      private String delay;
      private String line;
      private String stationName;
      private String direction;

}

Output in console is like this(as I shortened your json string):

Map size:2
Delay: -1.0
DepartureTime: 1982
Line: 6
StationName: randomname
Delay: -1.1
DepartureTime: 1981
Line: 7
StationName: randomname2

Answer 2

First I'll point out your mistake, then I'll give you the solution.

The structure you're asking for in your deserialization code looks like this:

{
    "stationsInResponse": {
        "station1": [
            {
                "name": "Station 1"
            }
        ],
        "station2": [
            {
                "name": "Station 2"
            }
        ]
    }
}

Solution

The deserialization code you really need to deserialize the structure you're getting as input, is as follows:

Gson gson = new Gson();
Type rootType = new TypeToken<Map<String, List<Station>>>(){}.getType();
Map<String, List<Station>> stationsMap = gson.fromJson(json, rootType);

This is because a JSON object, whose properties are unknown at compile-time, which your root object is, maps to a Java Map<String, ?> . The ? represent the expected Java type of the JSON object value, which in your case is either List<Station> or Station[] , whichever you prefer.

If you wanted to, you could combine all the stations in the map into one List of stations like so:

List<Station> stations = new ArrayList<>(stationsMap.size());
for (List<Station> stationsList : stationsMap.values()) {
    for (Station station : stationsList) {
        stations.add(station);
    }
}