使用Json.Net进行C＃枚举反序列化：将值转换为类型时出错

Question

I'm using Json.NET to serialize/deserialize some JSON APIs.

The API response have some integer values that map to an Enum defined in the application.

The enum is like this:

public enum MyEnum
    {
        Type1,
        Type2,
        Type3
}

and the json API response has the following:

{
        "Name": "abc",
        "MyEnumValue":"Type1"
}

sometimes the API returns a value for the MyEnumValue field that's not defined in my enum, like this:

{
            "Name": "abc",
            "MyEnumValue":"Type4"
    }

That throws an exception:

Error converting value "Type4" to type 'MyEnum'

Is there a way to handle this error by assigning a default value or something to avoid the application crash?

Answer 1

Let's say we have the following json string:

[
    {
        "Name": "abc",
        "MyEnumValue": "Type1"
    },
    {
        "Name": "abcd",
        "MyEnumValue": "Type2"
    },
    {
        "Name": "abcde",
        "MyEnumValue": "Type3"
    }    ,
    {
        "Name": "abcdef",
        "MyEnumValue": "Type4"
    }
]

and the following class and enum:

public class MyClass
{
    public string Name { get; set; }

    public MyEnum MyEnumValue { get; set; }
}

public enum MyEnum
{
    Type1,
    Type2,
    Type3
}

As it can be noticed, the json string array contains item (the last one), that cannot be correctly mapped to the MyEnum . To avoid deserialization errors you can use the following code snippet:

static void Main(string[] args)
{         
    var serializationSettings = new JsonSerializerSettings
    {
        Error = HandleDeserializationError
    };

    var lst = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<MyClass>>(jsonStr, serializationSettings);
}

public static void HandleDeserializationError(object sender, ErrorEventArgs errorArgs)
{
    errorArgs.ErrorContext.Handled = true;
    var currentObj = errorArgs.CurrentObject as MyClass;

    if (currentObj == null) return;
    currentObj.MyEnumValue = MyEnum.Type2;            
}

where the jsonStr variable is the posted json string above. In the above code sample, if MyEnumValue cannot be correctly interpreted, it is set to a default value of Type2 .

Example: https://dotnetfiddle.net/WKd2Lt

Answer 2

The only way I see it, you should write your own converter. But half of work is already done in class StringEnumConverter . We can override only ReadJson method

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        const string json = @"{
                'Name': 'abc',
                'Type':'Type4'
            }";

        // uncomment this if you want to use default value other then default enum first value
        //var settings = new JsonSerializerSettings();
        //settings.Converters.Add(new FooTypeEnumConverter { DefaultValue = FooType.Type3 });

        //var x = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Foo>(json, settings);

        var x = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Foo>(json);
    }
}

public class Foo
{
    public string Name { get; set; }

    public FooType Type { get; set; }
}

public enum FooType
{
    Type1,
    Type2,
    Type3
}

public class FooTypeEnumConverter : StringEnumConverter
{
    public FooType DefaultValue { get; set; }

    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        try
        {
            return base.ReadJson(reader, objectType, existingValue, serializer);
        }
        catch (JsonSerializationException)
        {
            return DefaultValue;
        }
    }
}

Answer 3

An alternative, if you don't want to create a custom converter, is to map it to a private string field in your DTO and then use Enum.TryParse in that field's property getter:

public class MyClass
{
    [JsonProperty("MyEnumValue")]
    private string myEnumValue;

    public string Name { get; set; }

    [JsonIgnore]
    public MyEnum MyEnumValue 
    { 
        get
        {
            MyEnum outputValue = MyEnum.Default;
            Enum.TryParse(myEnumValue, out outputValue);
            return outputValue;
        }
    }
}