如何迭代动态对象？

Question

I have some code that iterates over the values of a dictionary. If the value meets certain conditions, it is deleted from the dictionary. Those conditions are contingent on the existence of other values in the dictionary. This is why I don't want to just copy the old dictionary and make deletions, then re-attribute it.

When I try to run it, I get an error that the size of the dictionary changed while iterating it. Is there a way to iterate over a dictionary that allows it to change size, and the existence of keys and values, while it is iterating?

Answer 1

Build a new dictionary which contains the keys you want to keep . This can be done with a dictionary comprehension, or a manual for loop.

Here's a comprehension:

return {k: v for k, v in my_dict.items() if some-condition}

Here's a manual loop:

result = {}
for k, v in my_dict.items():
    if some-condition:
        result[k] = v
return result

Answer 2

Well, yes you can iterate on by the keys (Python3)! Take a look:

>>> dc
{1: 'aze', 3: 'poi', 4: 'mlk'}
>>> dc = {1:"aze", 2:"qsd", 3:"poi", 4:"mlk"}
>>> dc
{1: 'aze', 2: 'qsd', 3: 'poi', 4: 'mlk'}
>>> keys = list(dc.keys())
>>> keys
[1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> for k in keys:
    if "q" in dc[k]:
        del dc[k]


>>> dc
{1: 'aze', 3: 'poi', 4: 'mlk'}
>>> 

Answer 3

You can iterate over the keys instead of over the dict itself. In the following example, all values that are odd-numbered are removed from the dict:

>>> a = {'a': 12,  'b': 3, 'c': 14}
>>> for key in list(a.keys()):
        if a[key] % 2 == 0:
            del a[key]
>>> a
{'b': 3}