[英]Error with AWK command in ubuntu terminal
I am new in linux and AWK as well. 我也是linux和AWK的新手。 I have a file in my home folder called testing.txt and i am trying to read the file using this awk command:
我的主文件夹中有一个文件testing.txt ,我正在尝试使用以下awk命令读取该文件:
**arjun@arjun-Aspire-4741:~$ awk ´{print $1}´ testing.txt¨**
And I am getting this as output 我得到这个作为输出
**¨awk: ´{print
awk: ^ invalid char '�' in expression
arjun@arjun-Aspire-4741:~$ ¨**
The problem is that you've used forward ticks instead of quotes (in this case only single quotes are appropriate): 问题是您使用了向前的报价而不是引号(在这种情况下,仅使用单引号是合适的):
awk '{print $1}' testing.txt
instead of 代替
awk ´{print $1}´ testing.txt
In shell, strings in double quotes "
can contain expressions with special meaning (such as backticks, variables) which will be expanded before the string is processed as part of the full shell command. Strings in single quotes '
are fully escaped; to put it another way, the string is passed literally without any interpretation. That's why you should use single quotes when writing awk scripts, because the awk variable dereference operator $
is the same as in shell. There are no other valid string-delimiting characters*. 在shell中,双引号
"
字符串可以包含具有特殊含义的表达式(例如反引号,变量),这些表达式将在作为完整shell命令的一部分处理该字符串之前进行扩展。单引号'
中的字符串已完全转义;将其括起来换句话说,字符串在字面上没有任何解释地传递,这就是为什么在编写awk脚本时应使用单引号,因为awk变量解引用运算符$
与shell中的相同,没有其他有效的字符串定界字符*。
I initially thought you'd used backticks (thanks to Andras Deak for spotting my error). 我最初以为您使用了反引号(感谢Andras Deak发现我的错误)。 Backticks have a special meaning in shell (equivalent to wrapping something in
$(...)
): execute this string as a command, and evaluate to its output (stdout). 反引号在shell中有特殊含义(相当于在
$(...)
包装内容):将该字符串作为命令执行,并对其输出求值(stdout)。 This is done before your main command is executed. 这是在执行主命令之前完成的。
So, if I do 所以,如果我这样做
cat `echo myfile`
this turns into 这变成
cat myfile
which then executes. 然后执行。
You can read more about shell behaviour in a few places: 您可以在几个地方阅读更多有关shell行为的信息:
* ignoring that spaces are also technically string-delimiters *忽略空格在技术上也是字符串定界符
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