[英]Replacement for stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding in ios9?
In iOS8 and prior I can use: 在iOS8和之前我可以使用:
NSString *str = ...; // some URL
NSString *result = [str stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
in iOS9 stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding
has been replaced with stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters
: 在iOS9中, stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding
已被stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters
替换:
NSString *str = ...; // some URL
NSCharacterSet *set = ???; // where to find set for NSUTF8StringEncoding?
NSString *result = [str stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:set];
and my question is: where to find needed NSCharacterSet
( NSUTF8StringEncoding
) for proper replacement of stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding
? 我的问题是:在哪里找到所需的NSCharacterSet
( NSUTF8StringEncoding
)来正确替换stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding
?
The deprecation message says (emphasis mine): 弃用消息说(强调我的):
Use stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(_:) instead, which always uses the recommended UTF-8 encoding , and which encodes for a specific URL component or subcomponent since each URL component or subcomponent has different rules for what characters are valid. 请改为使用stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(_ :), 它始终使用推荐的UTF-8编码 ,并对特定的URL组件或子组件进行编码 ,因为每个URL组件或子组件对于哪些字符有效具有不同的规则。
So you only need to supply an adequate NSCharacterSet
as argument. 所以你只需要提供足够的NSCharacterSet
作为参数。 Luckily, for URLs there's a very handy class method called URLHostAllowedCharacterSet
that you can use like this: 幸运的是,对于URL,有一个非常方便的类方法,名为URLHostAllowedCharacterSet
,您可以像这样使用:
let encodedHost = unencodedHost.stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(.URLHostAllowedCharacterSet())
Update for Swift 3 -- the method becomes the static property urlHostAllowed
: 更新Swift 3 - 该方法成为静态属性urlHostAllowed
:
let encodedHost = unencodedHost.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlHostAllowed)
Be aware, though, that: 但请注意:
This method is intended to percent-encode an URL component or subcomponent string, NOT an entire URL string. 此方法旨在对URL组件或子组件字符串进行百分比编码,而不是对整个URL字符串进行编码。
For Objective-C: 对于Objective-C:
NSString *str = ...; // some URL
NSCharacterSet *set = [NSCharacterSet URLHostAllowedCharacterSet];
NSString *result = [str stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:set];
where to find set for NSUTF8StringEncoding? 在哪里可以找到NSUTF8StringEncoding的集合?
There are predefined character sets for the six URL components and subcomponents which allow percent encoding. 六个URL组件和子组件有预定义的字符集,允许百分比编码。 These character sets are passed to -stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:
. 这些字符集传递给-stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:
.
// Predefined character sets for the six URL components and subcomponents which allow percent encoding. These character sets are passed to -stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:.
@interface NSCharacterSet (NSURLUtilities)
+ (NSCharacterSet *)URLUserAllowedCharacterSet;
+ (NSCharacterSet *)URLPasswordAllowedCharacterSet;
+ (NSCharacterSet *)URLHostAllowedCharacterSet;
+ (NSCharacterSet *)URLPathAllowedCharacterSet;
+ (NSCharacterSet *)URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet;
+ (NSCharacterSet *)URLFragmentAllowedCharacterSet;
@end
The deprecation message says (emphasis mine): 弃用消息说(强调我的):
Use stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(_:) instead, which always uses the recommended UTF-8 encoding , and which encodes for a specific URL component or subcomponent since each URL component or subcomponent has different rules for what characters are valid. 请改为使用stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(_ :), 它始终使用推荐的UTF-8编码 ,并对特定的URL组件或子组件进行编码 ,因为每个URL组件或子组件对于哪些字符有效具有不同的规则。
So you only need to supply an adequate NSCharacterSet
as argument. 所以你只需要提供足够的NSCharacterSet
作为参数。 Luckily, for URLs there's a very handy class method called URLHostAllowedCharacterSet
that you can use like this: 幸运的是,对于URL,有一个非常方便的类方法,名为URLHostAllowedCharacterSet
,您可以像这样使用:
NSCharacterSet *set = [NSCharacterSet URLHostAllowedCharacterSet];
Be aware, though, that: 但请注意:
This method is intended to percent-encode an URL component or subcomponent string, NOT an entire URL string. 此方法旨在对URL组件或子组件字符串进行百分比编码,而不是对整个URL字符串进行编码。
URLHostAllowedCharacterSet
is NOT WORKING FOR ME. URLHostAllowedCharacterSet
是不是为我工作 。 I use URLFragmentAllowedCharacterSet
instead. 我改用URLFragmentAllowedCharacterSet
。
OBJECTIVE -C 目标-C
NSCharacterSet *set = [NSCharacterSet URLFragmentAllowedCharacterSet];
NSString * encodedString = [@"url string" stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:set];
SWIFT - 4 SWIFT - 4
"url string".addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlHostAllowed)
The following are useful (inverted) character sets: 以下是有用的(反向)字符集:
URLFragmentAllowedCharacterSet "#%<>[\]^`{|}
URLHostAllowedCharacterSet "#%/<>?@\^`{|}
URLPasswordAllowedCharacterSet "#%/:<>?@[\]^`{|}
URLPathAllowedCharacterSet "#%;<>?[\]^`{|}
URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet "#%<>[\]^`{|}
URLUserAllowedCharacterSet "#%/:<>?@[\]^`
Objective-C Objective-C的
this code work for me : 这段代码对我有用:
urlString = [urlString stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:[NSCharacterSet URLFragmentAllowedCharacterSet]];
Swift 2.2:
extension String {
func encodeUTF8() -> String? {
//If I can create an NSURL out of the string nothing is wrong with it
if let _ = NSURL(string: self) {
return self
}
//Get the last component from the string this will return subSequence
let optionalLastComponent = self.characters.split { $0 == "/" }.last
if let lastComponent = optionalLastComponent {
//Get the string from the sub sequence by mapping the characters to [String] then reduce the array to String
let lastComponentAsString = lastComponent.map { String($0) }.reduce("", combine: +)
//Get the range of the last component
if let rangeOfLastComponent = self.rangeOfString(lastComponentAsString) {
//Get the string without its last component
let stringWithoutLastComponent = self.substringToIndex(rangeOfLastComponent.startIndex)
//Encode the last component
if let lastComponentEncoded = lastComponentAsString.stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(NSCharacterSet.alphanumericCharacterSet()) {
//Finally append the original string (without its last component) to the encoded part (encoded last component)
let encodedString = stringWithoutLastComponent + lastComponentEncoded
//Return the string (original string/encoded string)
return encodedString
}
}
}
return nil;
}
}
For Swift 3.0 对于Swift 3.0
You can use urlHostAllowed
characterSet. 您可以使用urlHostAllowed
characterSet。
/// Returns the character set for characters allowed in a host URL subcomponent. ///返回主机URL子组件中允许的字符的字符集。
public static var urlHostAllowed: CharacterSet { get }
WebserviceCalls.getParamValueStringForURLFromDictionary(settingsDict as! Dictionary<String, AnyObject>).addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: CharacterSet.urlHostAllowed)
What is the meaning of "This method is intended to percent-encode an URL component or subcomponent string, NOT an entire URL string." “此方法旨在对URL组件或子组件字符串进行百分比编码,而不是整个URL字符串。” ? ? – GeneCode Sep 1 '16 at 8:30 - GeneCode 2016年9月1日8:30
It means that you are not supposed to encode the https://xpto.example.com/path/subpath
of the url, but only what goes after the ?
这意味着你不应该对https://xpto.example.com/path/subpath
进行编码,而只是对之后的内容进行编码?
. 。
Supposed, because there are use-cases for doing it in cases like: 假设,因为在以下情况下有这样的用例:
https://example.com?redirectme=xxxxx
Where xxxxx
is a fully encoded URL. 其中xxxxx
是完全编码的URL。
Adding to the accepted answer. 添加到已接受的答案。 Taking into consideration this note 考虑到这一点
This method is intended to percent-encode an URL component or subcomponent string, NOT an entire URL string. 此方法旨在对URL组件或子组件字符串进行百分比编码,而不是对整个URL字符串进行编码。
the whole URL should not be encoded: 整个网址不应编码:
let param = "=color:green|\(latitude),\(longitude)&\("zoom=13&size=\(width)x\(height)")&sensor=true&key=\(staticMapKey)".addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlHostAllowed)
let url = "https://maps.google.com/maps/api/staticmap?markers" + param!
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