如何使用内部 bash shell 为 docker exec 设置当前工作目录？

Question

I have a developer docker image based on ubuntu:14.04 that I use to develop apps for Ubuntu 14.04. I start this image when the machine boots with docker start image-name

My home directory was bind mounted with --volumes when initially created.

To enter the image I have an alias defined in .bash_aliases

alias d_enter="docker exec -ti ub1404-dev /bin/bash"

So to enter the image I just type d_enter

But I often forget to run d_enter after entering a long path and would like d_enter to switch to that internal directory automatically.

The following doesn't work.

docker exec -ti ub1404-dev /bin/bash <(echo ". ~/.bashrc && cd $(pwd)")

Is there another way I could achieve the desired result?

For example, if my current working directory is: /home/matt/dev/somepath/blabla

And I type d_enter, my current working directory currently becomes: /home/matt what I want to do for current directory after exec is be /home/matt/dev/somepath/blabla

Answer 1

From API 1.35+ you can use the -w ( --workdir ) option:

docker exec -w /my/dir container_name command

https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/exec/

Answer 2

您可以通过以下方式实现：
docker exec -it containerName sh -c "cd /var/www && /bin/bash"

Answer 3

构建镜像时，可以在Dockerfile指定WORKDIR 变量：

WORKDIR /var/www/html

Answer 4

Definitely a hack but you could do something like making d_enter a shell function (could stay an alias but this is easier to maintain):

d_enter() {
  pwd > ~/.docker_initial_pwd
  docker exec -ti ub1404-dev /bin/bash
}

And then in the container in your user account's .bashrc , add something like:

if [[ -f "${HOME}/.docker_initial_pwd ]]; then
  cd $(cat "${HOME}/.docker_initial_pwd")
fi