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HTTP状态500 - servlet fitTrackerServlet的Servlet.init（）引发异常

[英]HTTP Status 500 - Servlet.init() for servlet fitTrackerServlet threw exception

 原文  2015-09-05 18:45:50  5   6    java/ spring/ jsp/ spring-mvc/ servlets

问题描述

This is my first time working with Spring and I am following the tutorial on PluralSight. 这是我第一次使用Spring，我正在关注PluralSight的教程。 Running the first example, I run into the error that is listed in the title. 运行第一个示例，我遇到标题中列出的错误。 In my console, I get errors like these. 在我的控制台中，我收到这样的错误。 I am using older versions of the dependencies to go through this course. 我正在使用旧版本的依赖项来完成本课程。 I've made sure to follow the tutorial closely so not sure if I messed up somewhere or something is deprecated. 我已经确保密切关注这个教程，所以不确定我是否搞砸了某个地方或某些东西已被弃用。 I am using http://localhost:8080/FitnessTracker/greeting.html 我正在使用http：// localhost：8080 / FitnessTracker / greeting.html 

SEVERE: Context initialization failed
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
SEVERE: StandardWrapper.Throwable
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
SEVERE: Allocate exception for servlet fitTrackerServlet
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException

HelloController.java HelloController.java 

package com.pluralsight.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/greeting")
    public String sayHello(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("greeting", "Hello World");
        return "hello";
    }
}

servlet-config.xml 的servlet-config.xml中 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">

    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.pluralsight.controller" />

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" 
    p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/" p:suffix=".jsp"/>

</beans>

hello.jsp 为hello.jsp 

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>${greeting}</h1>
</body>
</html>

web.xml web.xml中 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.5" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>fitTrackerServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/config/servlet-config.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>fitTrackerServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
</web-app>

pom.xml 的pom.xml 

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.pluralsight</groupId>
  <artifactId>FitnessTracker</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>FitnessTracker Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>FitnessTracker</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

6 个解决方案

解决方案1
 9 已采纳  2015-10-12 04:47:11

I had the same problem with the same PluralSight tutorial. 我在同一个PluralSight教程中遇到了同样的问题。 I had both Java 1.7 and Java 1.8 installed. 我安装了Java 1.7和Java 1.8。 The project apparently throws an exception with Java 1.8. 该项目显然抛出了Java 1.8的异常。 To rectify this situation you need to ensure that your Spring STS environment is set to use Java 1.7. 要纠正这种情况，您需要确保将Spring STS环境设置为使用Java 1.7。

  1. Right click on the project and select Properties . 右键单击项目，然后选择“ 属性” 。
  2. In the Properties dialog, select Java Compiler . 在“ 属性”对话框中，选择“ Java编译器” 。
  3. At the bottom of the dialog, select the link to configure the Installed JREs . 在对话框的底部，选择用于配置已安装JRE的链接。
  4. Add a definition to point to JRE 1.7 and select this as the default. 添加定义以指向JRE 1.7并选择此作为默认值。

The PluralSight tutorial now works for me. PluralSight教程现在适合我。 I am beginner to Java and Spring MVC myself so I am not sure if this was the best way to solve the problem. 我自己是Java和Spring MVC的初学者，所以我不确定这是否是解决问题的最佳方法。

解决方案2
 6  2016-10-09 20:06:48

Well, spring 3.2 needs java 7 or earlier. 那么，spring 3.2需要java 7或更早版本。 Instead of changing project properties, one another solution is just change the version number of spring mvc in pom.xml to 4.2.4.RELEASE instead of 3.2.0.RELEASE that you have used earlier. 另一个解决方案是将pom.xml中的spring mvc的版本号更改为4.2.4.RELEASE而不是之前使用的3.2.0.RELEASE，而不是更改项目属性。 Now, you can proceed normally with java 8. 现在，您可以正常使用java 8。

Below, I show the whole pom.xml with only change that I mentioned above. 下面，我展示了整个pom.xml，只有我上面提到的更改。 

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.pluralsight</groupId>
  <artifactId>FitnessTracker</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>FitnessTracker Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>FitnessTracker</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

解决方案3
 1  2016-02-03 18:43:35

Try with 4.1.5. 试试4.1.5。 It works for me. 这个对我有用。 

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>4.1.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

解决方案4
 0  2016-12-21 14:41:23

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>        
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

Try to use 3.2.3.RELEASE version wherever you have spring based dependency 尝试使用3.2.3.RELEASE版本，只要你有基于spring的依赖

解决方案5
 0  2017-01-21 12:10:48

I faced the same issue. 我遇到了同样的问题。 So what you have to do is to use Tomcat v7.0, It is because I was using Tomcat v9.0 and it does not work with JRE7 but JRE8 . 所以你要做的就是使用Tomcat v7.0，因为我使用的是Tomcat v9.0，它不适用于JRE7而是JRE8 。 So 所以

  • Set your application with Tomcat v7.0 and set your STS or Eclipse default build path with JRE7 . 使用Tomcat v7.0设置应用程序，并使用JRE7设置STS或Eclipse默认构建路径。
  • Restart your Tomcat server. 重新启动Tomcat服务器。
  • Go to your browser and paste the above link and Here you Go !!! 转到您的浏览器并粘贴上面的链接，在这里你去！ :) :)

解决方案6
 0  2017-06-13 19:55:51

To fix this, simply change your servlet container's runtime environment to Java 7. In Eclipse: 要解决此问题，只需将servlet容器的运行时环境更改为Java 7.在Eclipse中：

  1. Preferences -> Server -> Runtime Environments 首选项 - >服务器 - >运行时环境
  2. Select the server you are running the project under and click Edit... . 选择您正在运行项目的服务器，然后单击编辑....
  3. From the JRE section, select the Java 7 JRE. 从JRE部分，选择Java 7 JRE。 Note that in order to be able to do this, you first need to download and install Java 7, and make the Java 7 JRE available in Eclipse. 请注意，为了能够执行此操作，首先需要下载并安装Java 7，并在Eclipse中提供Java 7 JRE。 To make Java 7 JRE available in Eclipse: 要在Eclipse中使Java 7 JRE可用：
    1. Download Java 7 and install it. 下载Java 7并安装它。
    2. In Eclipse, select Preferences -> Java -> Installed JREs and click Search... . 在Eclipse中，选择Preferences - > Java - > Installed JREs，然后单击Search .... If you have installed Java 7 to its default path, Eclipse should be able to discover Java 7 automatically. 如果已将Java 7安装到其默认路径，则Eclipse应该能够自动发现Java 7。
    3. After adding Java 7 to Eclipse, you can select JRE 7 as the runtime environment of your servlet container. 将Java 7添加到Eclipse后，可以选择JRE 7作为servlet容器的运行时环境。

I would also advise indicating the runtime environment being used in the server's name. 我还建议指出服务器名称中使用的运行时环境。 For example, in Eclipse, instead of letting the server name simply be "Apache Tomcat v7.0", make it "Apache Tomcat v7.0 - JRE 7". 例如，在Eclipse中，不要让服务器名称只是“Apache Tomcat v7.0”，而是将其设为“Apache Tomcat v7.0 - JRE 7”。 Of course, you should update this name if you change the runtime environment of this server later. 当然，如果稍后更改此服务器的运行时环境，则应更新此名称。

Source: http://www.codejava.net/ides/eclipse/how-to-change-java-runtime-environment-for-tomcat-in-eclipse 资料来源： http ： //www.codejava.net/ides/eclipse/how-to-change-java-runtime-environment-for-tomcat-in-eclipse

NOTE: This answer applies to any other IDE as well. 注意：此答案也适用于任何其他IDE。 You just need to make sure that your servlet container runs under JRE 7. 您只需要确保您的servlet容器在JRE 7下运行。

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