无法从兄弟目录导入模块

Question

I have a Python 3 project that's structured like this:

/project
    __init__.py
    /models
        __init__.py
        my_model.py
        base_model.py
    /tests
        __init__.py
        test.py

In test.py I want to import my_model . My first attempt was from models import my_model , which threw an ImportError: No module named 'models' . This question recommended adding an __init__.py file to each directory, which didn't help. Another post said to modify the path with:

import sys; import os
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('..'))

but this throws an error when my_model tries to import from base_model .

This seems really straightforward but I'm stumped. Does anyone have any ideas?

Answer 1

在所有地方使用绝对导入： from project.models import my_model ，应该可以在项目的任何地方正常工作，也不需要弄乱路径。

Answer 2

Adding the sibling directory to sys.path should work:

import sys, os
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('../models'))
import my_model

Answer 3

The answer depends on how you launch test.py. The only way I know to do relative imports is to have the file in a package. For the Python interpreter to know you're in a package is to import it in some way.

Use:

from ..models import my_model

in test.py

And launch the Python Interpreter below the project folder.

You will then be able to import project.tests.test without error.