[英]How to overload Inc (Dec) operators in Delphi?
Delphi documentation says that it is possible to overload the Inc and Dec operators; Delphi文档说可能会使Inc和Dec运算符超载; I see no valid way to do it.
我认为没有有效的方法可以做到这一点。 Here are attempts to overload the Inc operator;
以下是尝试重载Inc运算符; some attempts lead to compile errors, some to runtime access violation (Delphi XE):
一些尝试导致编译错误,一些尝试导致运行时访问冲突(Delphi XE):
program OverloadInc;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses
SysUtils;
type
TMyInt = record
FValue: Integer;
// class operator Inc(var A: TMyInt); DCC error E2023
class operator Inc(var A: TMyInt): TMyInt;
property Value: Integer read FValue write FValue;
end;
class operator TMyInt.Inc(var A: TMyInt): TMyInt;
begin
Inc(A.FValue);
Result:= A;
end;
type
TMyInt2 = record
FValue: Integer;
class operator Inc(A: TMyInt2): TMyInt2;
property Value: Integer read FValue write FValue;
end;
class operator TMyInt2.Inc(A: TMyInt2): TMyInt2;
begin
Result.FValue:= A.FValue + 1;
end;
procedure Test;
var
A: TMyInt;
begin
A.FValue:= 0;
Inc(A);
Writeln(A.FValue);
end;
procedure Test2;
var
A: TMyInt2;
I: Integer;
begin
A.FValue:= 0;
// A:= Inc(A); DCC error E2010
Writeln(A.FValue);
end;
begin
try
Test; // access violation
// Test2;
except
on E: Exception do
Writeln(E.ClassName, ': ', E.Message);
end;
Readln;
end.
The signature of the operator is wrong. 运营商的签名是错误的。 It should be:
它应该是:
class operator Inc(const A: TMyInt): TMyInt;
or 要么
class operator Inc(A: TMyInt): TMyInt;
You cannot use a var
parameter. 您不能使用
var
参数。
This program 这个计划
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
type
TMyInt = record
FValue: Integer;
class operator Inc(const A: TMyInt): TMyInt;
property Value: Integer read FValue write FValue;
end;
class operator TMyInt.Inc(const A: TMyInt): TMyInt;
begin
Result.FValue := A.FValue + 1;
end;
procedure Test;
var
A: TMyInt;
begin
A.FValue := 0;
Inc(A);
Writeln(A.FValue);
end;
begin
Test;
Readln;
end.
produces this output: 产生这个输出:
1
Discussion 讨论
This is a rather unusual operator when overloaded. 当超载时,这是一个相当不寻常的操作员。 In terms of usage the operator is an in-place mutation.
在使用方面,操作员是就地突变。 However, when overloaded, it works like an addition operator with an implicit addend of one.
但是,当重载时,它的作用类似于加法运算符,其隐式加数为1。
So, in the code above this line: 所以,在这行上面的代码中:
Inc(A);
is effectively transformed into 有效地转化为
A := TMyInt.Inc(A);
and then compiled. 然后编译。
If you are wanting to maintain true in-place mutation semantics, and avoid the copying associated with this operator, then I believe that you need to use a method of the type. 如果您想要保持真正的就地变异语义,并避免与此运算符关联的复制,那么我相信您需要使用该类型的方法。
procedure Inc; inline;
....
procedure TMyInt.Inc;
begin
inc(FValue);
end;
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