如何将以下内容转换为数组或哈希？

Question

a=b&c=d&e=f&g=h

How to extract this into [a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h]

I know I can use split, but it looks like it can only use only one delimit.

or how to convert into a hash?

Answer 1

split FTW (ie the most straightforward, simple way of doing this is):

irb(main):001:0> s = "a=b&c=d&e=f&g=h"
=> "a=b&c=d&e=f&g=h"
irb(main):002:0> s.split(/[=&]/)
=> ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h"]

Other interesting ways of abusing Ruby:

irb(main):001:0> s = "a=b&c=d&e=f&g=h"
=> "a=b&c=d&e=f&g=h"
irb(main):002:0> s.split('=').collect{|x| x.split('&')}.flatten
=> ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h"]
irb(main):003:0> ['=','&'].inject(s) {|t, n| t.split(n).join()}.split('')
=> ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h"]

Also check Cary's and GamesBrainiac's answers for more alternatives :)

Answer 2

You can make a hash very easily with something like this:

myHash  = {} 
strSplit = "a=b&c=d&e=f&g=h".split("&")
for pair in strSplit
   keyValueSplit = pair.split("=")
   myHash[keyValueSplit[0]] = keyValueSplit[1]
end

myHash will look like this in the end {"a"=>"b", "c"=>"d", "e"=>"f", "g"=>"h"}

Answer 3

@Mirea's answer is best, but here's another:

s = "a=b&c=d&e=f&g=h"

s.scan /[a-z]/
  #=> ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h"] 

The regex could of course be adjusted as required. For example:

"123a=b&c=d&E=f&g=h".scan /[A-Za-z0-9]/
  #=> ["1", "2", "3", "a", "b", "c", "d", "E", "f", "g", "h"] 

or

"1-2-3a=$b&c=d&e=f&g=h".scan /[^=&]/
  #=> ["1", "-", "2", "-", "3", "a", "$", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h"]

and so on.

If strings of characters are desired just append + to the character class:

"123a=b&ccc=d&E=f&gg=h".scan /[A-Za-z0-9]+/
  #=> ["123a", "b", "ccc", "d", "E", "f", "gg", "h"] 

If the string has the alternating form shown in the example, these work as well:

(0..s.size).step(2).map { |i| s[i] }
  #=> ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h"]

s.each_char.each_slice(2).map(&:first)
  #=> ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h"] 

Answer 4

I would use is gsub .

irb(main):001:0> s = "a=b&c=d&e=f&g=h"
=> "a=b&c=d&e=f&g=h"
irb(main):004:0> s.gsub(/[\=\&]/, " ").split()
=> ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h"]

So, what we're doing here is replacing all occurrences of = and & with a single space. We then simply split the string.