使用awk或sed在文件的特定行索引处插入字符

Question

Is there a Linux way (awk, sed, grep etc) to insert a character at particular index in each line in a file?

For example below is the content of file.txt

0067011990999991950051507004+68750+023550FM-12+038299999V0203301N00671220001CN9999999N9+00001+99999999999
0043011990999991950051512004+68750+023550FM-12+038299999V0203201N00671220001CN9999999N9+00221+99999999999

I want to insert a comma at given indexes (say 15,19,88 and 93) of each line in file.txt, so that the resultant would like :

006701199099999,1950,051507004+68750+023550FM-12+038299999V0203301N00671220001CN9999999N9+,00001,+99999999999
004301199099999,1950,051512004+68750+023550FM-12+038299999V0203201N00671220001CN9999999N9+,00221,+99999999999

Answer 1

simpliest in sed

sed 's/\(.\{93\}\)/&,/;s/\(.\{88\}\)/&,/;s/\(.\{19\}\)/&,/;s/\(.\{15\}\)/&,/' YourFile

order is important or you need to keep in mind added character for next change

you could do it at once but need some interpretation

sed 's/\(.\{15\}\)\(.\{4\}\)\(.\{69\}\)\(.\{5\}\)/\1,\2,\3,\4/' YourFile

Answer 2

Perl solution:

perl -ne '$l = $_;
          substr $l, $_, 0, "," for reverse 15, 19, 88, 93;
          print $l' < input > output

I used reverse , because you need to start from right - otherwise, after each insertion, all remaining indices must be incremented.

Answer 3

这可能对您有用（GNU sed）：

sed 's/./&,/93;s/./&,/88;s/./&,/19;s/./&,/15' file