如何配置Spring Boot，Spring JPA，Spring Test和Hibernate创建，使用和删除给定的PostgreSQL模式？

Question

How can I configure Spring Boot , Spring Data JPA , Spring Test , and Hibernate to create, use, and drop a given PostgreSQL schema for a unit test which saves and retrieves an object?

Before the test starts Spring Test should create the database schema for the test. Each test method should run within a single transaction and after it finishes, the test method should roll back all database operations. At the end of all test methods, the test should drop the schema.

In its present form, AccountRepositoryTest passes, but creates table account in schema public instead of creating table account in new schema springboot .

Configuration:

• Spring Boot 1.3.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT
• Spring Data JPA 1.9.0.RELEASE
• Spring Test 4.2.3.BUILD-SNAPSHOT
• Hibernate 4.3.11.Final
• PostgreSQL 9.5.4

AccountRepositoryTest.java

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(Application.class)
public class AccountRepositoryTest {
    final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AccountRepositoryTest.class);

    @Autowired
    AccountRepository accountRepository;

    @Test
    public void testSaveAccount() {
        final Account newAccount = accountRepository.save(new Account("123", "Derek Mahar", 500.00));
        final Account readAccount = accountRepository.findOne(newAccount.getId());
        logger.info("New account UUID={}", newAccount.getId());
        assertEquals(newAccount.getBalance(), readAccount.getBalance(), 0.001);
        assertEquals(newAccount.getNumber(), readAccount.getNumber());
        assertEquals(newAccount.getOwner(), readAccount.getOwner());
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindByNumber() {
        final Account newAccount = accountRepository.save(new Account("456", "Steve Balmer", 500.00));
        final Account readAccount = accountRepository.findByNumber(newAccount.getNumber());
        logger.info("New account UUID={}", newAccount.getId());
        assertEquals(newAccount.getBalance(), readAccount.getBalance(), 0.001);
        assertEquals(newAccount.getNumber(), readAccount.getNumber());
        assertEquals(newAccount.getOwner(), readAccount.getOwner());
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindByOwner() {
        final Account newAccount = accountRepository.save(new Account("789", "Bill Gates", 500.00));
        final Account readAccount = accountRepository.findByNumber(newAccount.getNumber());
        logger.info("New account UUID={}", newAccount.getId());
        assertEquals(newAccount.getBalance(), readAccount.getBalance(), 0.001);
        assertEquals(newAccount.getNumber(), readAccount.getNumber());
        assertEquals(newAccount.getOwner(), readAccount.getOwner());
    }
}

AccountRepository.java

public interface AccountRepository extends CrudRepository<Account, UUID> {
    Account findByNumber(String number);
    Account findByOwner(String owner);
}

Account.java

@Entity
public class Account implements Serializable {
    @Column(nullable = false)
    private double balance;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(generator = "uuid2")
    @GenericGenerator(name = "uuid2", strategy = "uuid2")
    @Column
    private UUID id;

    @Column(nullable = false)
    private String number;

    @Column(nullable = false)
    private String owner;

    public Account(String number, String owner, double balance) {
        this.number = number;
        this.owner = owner;
        this.balance = balance;
    }

    public Account() {
    }

    public double getBalance() {
        return balance;
    }

    public UUID getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }

    public String getOwner() {
        return owner;
    }
}

application.properties

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:postgresql:springboot
spring.datasource.username=springboot
spring.datasource.password=springboot
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.postgresql.Driver
spring.datasource.schema=springboot
spring.datasource.initialize=true

spring.jpa.database=springboot
spring.jpa.generate-ddl=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create-drop
spring.jpa.show-sql=true

Answer 1

Your best bet would be to use the spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto Spring Boot property. Include it in application-test.properties (or application-test.yaml , as the case may be) and set its value to create-drop (for example, spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create-drop . More details are available in the Spring Boot documentation .

However, I would recommend using an in-memory database for running the tests as you will not run the risk of pointing the tests to an actual database schema, the tests will run faster and you will be able to run continuous integration builds on third-party systems like Travis-CI or Shippable.