在Laravel中创建子查询-查询构建器

Question

I try to create a sub query. For now, my two queries are :

select `key` from messages group by `key`;

and

select * from messages where `key` = 'KEY_RECUP_AU_DESSUS' order by created_at DESC LIMIT 1;

The aim is to highlight my table messages all elements grouped by key and keeping the last element ( created_at desc)

Thank you

Answer 1

Something like this should work:

$data = DB::table('messages')->whereIn('key',function($q) {
    $q->select('key')->from('messages')->groupBy('key');
})->latest()->take(1)->get();

Answer 2

You can do this with two different ways.

Query Builder:

DB::table('messages AS a')
->leftJoin('messages AS b', function($join) {
    $join->on('a.created_at', '<', 'b.created_at');
    $join->on('a.key', '=', 'b.key');
})
->groupBy(['a.key', 'a.message', 'a.created_at'])
->havingRaw('COUNT(b.key) < 1')
->select(['a.key', 'a.message', 'a.created_at'])
->get();

Another way with PARTITION BY

SELECT 
      key,
      message,
      created_at
FROM (
    SELECT 
          key, 
          message, 
          created_at, 
          rank() OVER (PARTITION BY key ORDER BY created_at DESC) AS rank 
    FROM 
          messages
) AS foo WHERE foo.rank = 1;

if we assume you have table like this.

postgres=# select * from messages;
 id |   key   |        message         |         created_at
----+---------+------------------------+----------------------------
  1 | contact | send from contact page | 2015-10-31 19:45:16.850698
  2 | contact | contact page message   | 2015-10-31 19:45:34.417231
  3 | product | product 1              | 2015-10-31 19:45:44.49584
  4 | product | product 2              | 2015-10-31 19:45:46.856691
  5 | contact | hello it is me         | 2015-10-31 18:45:35.801967
  6 | about   | who are you            | 2015-10-31 19:46:04.123369
  7 | product | product 3              | 2015-10-31 19:46:12.414364
  8 | about   | hi guys                | 2015-10-31 19:46:18.23442
(8 rows)

The result will be like this with two different query

postgres=# select key, message, created_at from (select key, message, created_at, rank() over (partition by key order by created_at desc) as rank from messages) foo where rank = 1;
   key   |       message        |         created_at         
---------+----------------------+----------------------------
 about   | hi guys              | 2015-10-31 19:46:18.23442  
 contact | contact page message | 2015-10-31 19:45:34.417231 
 product | product 3            | 2015-10-31 19:46:12.414364 
(3 rows)