在 elixir 中，我如何在全球范围内安装软件包？

Question

Can I use mix to install some packages globally? I'd like a behaviour like npm 's global option or gem 's install - it could be useful for packages I use everywhere like csv or yaml .

Answer 1

There is no such thing in Elixir, you always use dependencies in the context of a project. Solutions like archives or escripts are meant to solve specific problems, they do not allow package sharing between projects.

However, there is no need to worry about sharing frequently used packages. Hex, the package manager, already cache those and it will take care of handling it for you.

Answer 2

Certain packages will provide an archive file that you can install globally.

http://elixir-lang.org/docs/v1.1/mix/Mix.Tasks.Archive.Install.html

For example Phoenix:

mix archive.install https://github.com/phoenixframework/phoenix/releases/download/v1.0.3/phoenix_new-1.0.3.ez

This allows access to the mix phoenix.new task globally. There is not anything specific for allowing the installation of libraries that are available in all your mix projects though.

Answer 3

For Elixir scripts, you can virtually install global packages by using erun . By compiling erun with your dependencies, you can run

$ erun foo.exs

( erun is just an escript.)

https://github.com/s417-lama/erun

Answer 4

Not global, but if you just want to use a dependency in a script outside of a Mix project, you can use Mix.install/2 :

For example, this script:

Mix.install [:jason]

%{hello: "world!"}
|> Jason.encode!()
|> IO.puts()

Produces on the first run:

$ elixir script.exs
Resolving Hex dependencies...
Dependency resolution completed:
New:
  jason 1.3.0
* Getting jason (Hex package)
==> jason
Compiling 10 files (.ex)
Generated jason app
{"hello":"world!"}

Subsequent runs:

$ elixir script.exs
{"hello":"world!"}

The dependencies installed with Mix.install/2 are not global, they are cached, and each script specifies the dependencies (and the versions of which) it needs.