NPM 使用 node-gyp 安装失败

Question

We are having problems running "npm install" on our project. A certain file cannot be found:

fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'windows.h'

It appears to be coming from the node-gyp module:

c:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\src\win_delay_lo ad_hook.c(13):

fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'windows.h': No suc h file or directory [D:\ngs-frontend-next\node_modules\browser-sync\node_module s\socket.io\node_modules\engine.io\node_modules\ws\node_modules\bufferutil\buil d\binding.sln]

This node-gyp seems to be a never ending source of pain for us. At first it complained that it needed python, so we installed that. Then it complained that it needed VCBuild, which we installed (using .NET 2.0 SDK), now we have this error. It's almost as if the errors are getting more and more obscure, and it feels like we are going down some wrong path.

The strange thing is, that other people in our team have zero problems running the npm-install.

The full error looks like this:

c:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\src\win_delay_lo ad_hook.c(13):

fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'windows.h': No suc h file or directory [D:\ngs-frontend-next\node_modules\browser-sync\node_module s\socket.io\node_modules\engine.io\node_modules\ws\node_modules\bufferutil\buil d\binding.sln]

gyp ERR: build error gyp ERR! stack Error: C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\msbuild.exe failed with exit code: 1 stack at ChildProcess.onExit (C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node _modules\node-gyp\lib\build.js:270:23) gyp ERR. stack at emitTwo (events:js:87.13) gyp ERR. stack at ChildProcess:emit (events:js.172.7) gyp ERR. stack at Process.ChildProcess:_handle:onexit (internal/child_proces s.js.200:12) gyp ERR. System Windows_NT 6:1.7601 gyp ERR: command "C.\Program Files\nodejs\node.exe" "C.\Program Files\nodej s\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node-gyp\bin\node-gyp.js" "rebuild" gyp ERR. cwd D.\ngs-frontend-next\node_modules\browser-sync\node_modules\socket, io\node_modules\engine.io\node_modules\ws\node_modules\bufferutil gyp ERR. node -v v4.2.2 gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v3.0.3 gyp ERR! not ok npm WARN optional dep failed, continuing utf-8-validate@1.2.1

gifsicle@3.0.3 postinstall D:\ngs-frontend-next\node_modules\gulp-imagemin\nod e_modules\imagemin\node_modules\imagemin-gifsicle\node_modules\gifsicle node lib/install.js

Out package.json looks like this:

{
  "name": "Fast-nunjucks",
  "version": "0.0.1",
  "description": "A simple boilerplate using nunjucks as a template engine",
  "main": "index.js",
  "scripts": {
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
  },
  "repository": {
    "type": "git",
    "url": "https://github.com/willianjusten/Fast-nunjucks.git"
  },
  "keywords": [
    "nunjucks",
    "node",
    "gulp",
    "stylus"
  ],
  "author": "Willian Justen de Vasconcellos",
  "license": "ISC",
  "bugs": {
    "url": "https://github.com/willianjusten/Fast-nunjucks/issues"
  },
  "homepage": "https://github.com/willianjusten/Fast-nunjucks",
  "devDependencies": {
    "autoprefixer-stylus": "^0.7.1",
    "browser-sync": "^2.8.2",
    "gulp": "^3.9.0",
    "gulp-cache": "^0.3.0",
    "gulp-concat": "^2.6.0",
    "gulp-if": "^1.2.5",
    "gulp-imagemin": "^2.3.0",
    "gulp-minify-html": "^1.0.4",
    "gulp-nunjucks-html": "^1.2.2",
    "gulp-order": "^1.1.1",
    "gulp-plumber": "^1.0.1",
    "gulp-stylus": "^2.0.6",
    "gulp-uglify": "^1.2.0",
    "gulp-util": "^3.0.6",
    "jeet": "^6.1.2",
    "kouto-swiss": "^0.11.13",
    "minimist": "^1.1.3",
    "rupture": "^0.6.1"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "gulp-install": "^0.6.0"
  }
}

Answer 1

The error messages have caused confusion for me and have not helped me in resolving the errors completely.

The README.md for node-gyp project does a better job of listing down the installation instructions for Unix, Max OS X and Windows .

In Windows systems you can either go with Option 1 or Option 2 but the main thing is that you need to install the Visual C++ Build Tools .

The following quote is from the Windows installation section:

• On Windows:
  • Visual C++ Build Environment:
    • Option 1: Install Visual C++ Build Tools using the Default Install option.
    • Option 2: Install Visual Studio 2015 (or modify an existing installation) and select Common Tools for Visual C++ during setup. This also works with the free Community and Express for Desktop editions.
    
    [Windows Vista / 7 only] requires .NET Framework 4.5.1
  • Install Python 2.7 ( v3.xx is not supported), and run

    npm config set python python2.7

    (or see below for further instructions on specifying the proper Python version and path.)
  • Launch cmd,

     npm config set msvs_version 2015

If the above steps didn't work for you, please visit Microsoft's Node.js Guidelines for Windows for additional tips.

Common instructions for Python configuration:

If you have multiple Python versions installed, you can identify which Python version node-gyp uses by setting the '--python' variable:

$ node-gyp --python /path/to/python2.7

If node-gyp is called by way of npm and you have multiple versions of Python installed, then you can set npm's 'python' config key to the appropriate value:

$ npm config set python /path/to/executable/python2.7

Successfully configured my system following the above instructions.

System Info

λ ver

Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601]

λ node -v
v6.2.0
λ npm -v
3.9.2

Links to relevant tools / articles:

Visual C++ Build Tools

Visual Studio 2015

.NET Framework 4.5.1

Python 2.7

Microsoft's Node.js Guidelines for Windows

Answer 2

Try to install again with --force option :

npm install --force

If this doesn't work try to update npm globally:

npm update -g npm 

and try again with the --force option.

Answer 3

I tried all the solutions above but none of them worked. My problem was with some files in the root directory that I had to delete:

package-lock.json and yarn.lock and yarn-error.log

after removing these files, I ran:

npm cache clean --force

then I ran the command:

npm install

and the error was gone

Answer 4

I had nearly the same problem on Mac. I got lot's of spam error messages, but finally I recognized the issue, it was a version missmatch...

Description:

npm install failed on installing gyp (node-gyp):

npm ERR! gyp ERR! node -v v16.2.0
npm ERR! gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v3.8.0
npm ERR! gyp ERR! not ok 
npm ERR! Build failed with error code: 1

Solution:

downgrade npm / node to stable version!

Try:

Install 'n': npm i -gn

Downgrade npm: sudo n stable

Rerun npm install and this works!

Answer 5

The last time I saw a similar error it was because I was using the wrong version of npm and/or node for one of my dependencies. Try upgrading these and try again.

Before trying again remove your node_modules directory.

You may need to investigate what versions of npm and node your dependencies need. You could try the latest versions of all your dependencies, node and npm.

Check what versions your colleagues are using.

What OS are you using? That can have an impact as version of CLANG maybe different.

Answer 6

for this solved it ( OS X ):

rm -rf  ~/.node_gyp and
sudo npm install -g node-gyp@3.4.0
cd /usr/local/lib
sudo ln -s ../../lib/libSystem.B.dylib libgcc_s.10.5.dylib 
brew install gcc
npm install

Answer 7

如果您使用的是“node-sass”，请将其升级到版本 5.0.0，确保您已安装构建工具 2017 和 Python 3，并在 npm install 之前发出这些命令

npm config set msvs_version 2017

npm config set python npm config set python C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\python.exe

Answer 8

尝试删除当前 node_modules 文件夹并以普通用户、非管理员或 root 用户身份运行命令

Answer 9

1. Install VC++ Build Tools Technical Preview [Windows 7 only] requires .NET Framework 4.5.1

2. Install Python 2.7, and add it to your PATH, npm config set python python2.7

3. Launch cmd, npm config set msvs_version 2015 --global (this is instead of npm install [package name] --msvs_version=2015 every time.)

4.SO MUCH npm install :tada:

Answer 10

Post my solution here in case anyone like me using Windows 10 still has the error after installing many Microsoft associated build tools.

All you need are:

Windows 10 64 bit

python 2.7.x

Visual Studio 2013

I've tried Visual Studio 2015 before but it didn't work at all.

---

1. First of all, I uninstall all the Microsoft associated build tools. (If you didn't install anything to try to solve this problem before, skip this step.)

2. Install Visual Studio 2013.

3. Config npm as @Sourav said:

Config python:

 npm config set python /path/to/python2.7

Config msvs_version:

 npm config set msvs_version 2013

Run a npm install or the npm command which occurs this error. It works for me!

BTW, this solution is from here .

Answer 11

Hey please try to install the windows build tools (global npm package)

This will fix your problem :-) You should be able to use your npm install command afterwards.

Answer 12

Based on the node-gyp README , update npm npm i npm -g , and will bring in a newer version of node-gyp.

Hint: if you are on windows perform npm install --global --production windows-build-tools from an elevated PowerShell or CMD.exe (run as Administrator).

Answer 13

For Windows 8 or 10:

Assuming node and npm installed already.

My node and npm version (At the time of writing this answer) :

node : 8.9.4

npm : 5.6.0

1. First install python 2.x

2. Make sure it is available on path

3. Install Visual Studio Installer

4. After installation, run it

5. A new interface will open it where you can select various options.
6. Now select Build Tools for Visual Studio 2017 from the available options and install it. You don't need to install Visual Studio.

After the installation it should work perfectly.

Answer 14

I was working on an older project and was encountering this error (or a very similar one with node-gyp) due to the package-lock being for an older version of node. After downgrading to that version, I was able to run npm install without issue.

Answer 15

I was running into similar issues on my project. In my case, deleting package-lock.json file and letting it recreate helped.

Answer 16

编辑或删除您的 package-lock.json 并运行 npm install

Answer 17

I am using yarn so I just ran yarn global add node-gyp to globally install node-gyp without using npm and it worked. I'm no more facing the error

For those using npm can do it using npm install -g node-gyp .

Make sure you know that running these commands will globally install node-gyp in your environment, probably outside the scope of your current app too. And in case you are running any other apps in the similar environment that are dependent on any particular version of node-gyp , you might face some troubles.

Answer 18

I was stuck with the same error on my windows machine after a lot of troubleshooting with various stack answers I was not able to fix it, later did the following which made it work properly now.

1. npm cache clear --force
2. open explorer in address bar paste %appdata%, then delete the folders npm,npm-cache
3. uninstalled nodejs and reinstalled latest version.
4. then npm install worked fine for me

Answer 19

删除package-lock.json然后重启你的机器（如果有更改生效）然后运行

npm install --legacy-peer-deps

Answer 20

this is what solved it for me

sudo npm install -g npm     
npm cache clean --force
npm install

Answer 21

Install python2 and try running npm install again. This approach worked for me.

Answer 22

The solution that worked for me is running

npm install --global --production windows-build-tools

Though the script got stuck in the python installation part, the npm install works perfectly right after, plus it took a good while. I only knew it could work because i saw cpu usage of visual studio drop to 0 for a while.

Answer 23

I just ran

> yarn install

and it worked.