尝试调用超类方法，但传递子类的参数？

Question

Sorry new to Java may not have described it quite right. Creating a text based adventure

Basically I have a super class named GameCharacter. Two subclasses Player and Monster. Monster has four subclasses Ork, Troll, Goblin, and the Boss

I have an abstract method called takeTurn() found in the super class. I have the fleshed out methods within the subclasses. So when it comes to calling take turn, how do I know it will access the right subclass?

My super class

public abstract class GameCharacter{

    public abstract String getName();
    public abstract int getHealth();
    public abstract int getAttackPower();

   protected String gameCharacterName;
   protected int gameCharacterHealth;
   protected int gameCharacterAttack;

     public GameCharacter(String name, int health, int attack){
            this.gameCharacterName = name;
            this.gameCharacterHealth = health;
            this.gameCharacterAttack = attack;
     }

    public abstract void takeTurn(GameCharacter character);

My take turn method

public static void runCombatLoop(Monster monster){

    while (isPlayerAlive()&& isMonsterAlive(monster))
    {
        GameCharacter player = new Player();
        Monster enemy = new Monster(){};
        enemy.Monster();

        GameCharacter.takeTurn(player);
        GameCharacter.takeTurn(enemy);
    }


}// run combat loop end

Answer 1

In Java, all inheritance passes from superclass to subclass, including instance variables and methods.

Meaning, if you wanted to "call a superclass method" with "subclass parameters", you simply create an object in the subclass and call your method.

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For example, in your superclass, you have

public abstract void takeTurn(GameCharacter character);

And you have, hypothetically, two subclasses of GameCharacter:

public class Player extends GameCharacter { ... }

public class Enemy extends GameCharacter { ... }

Now, if you wanted to call takeTurn with a Player parameter or an Enemy parameter, you would put them in their respective subclasses.

//In Player.java
public class Player extends GameCharacter {
    //instance variables

    //methods (only takeTurn shown)
    void takeTurn( Player p ) {
         //take turn definition for Player here
    }
}

//In Enemy.java
public class Enemy extends GameCharacter {
    //instance variables

    //methods (only takeTurn shown)
    void takeTurn( Enemy e ) {
         //take turn definition for Enemy here
    }
}

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An abstract method is NOT defined until you specifically define it in each respective subclass.

You can think of an abstract class (methods, too) as a blueprint for a class.

In other words, since both Player and Enemy are subclasses of GameCharacter , and takeTurn( GameCharacter character) is an abstract method, you can create and call takeTurn in each individual class.

Note: You can do this because the abstract method takeTurn takes a GameCharacter , and both Player and Enemy extend GameCharacter

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EDIT : In order for you to call takeTurn( ... ) in main without creating an object, you must make takeTurn static .

General practice recommends you making a GameCharacter object with new , and calling takeTurn( ... ) via that object, as I believe you would want multiple characters.