GIT：忽略除子子目录和某些文件以外的所有内容

Question

I'm banging my head against the wall with this, I hope you people can help me... I have this structure of files :

/public/images/foo
/public/images/foo/default.jpg
/public/images/foo/1/...
/public/images/foo/2/...
/public/images/bar
/public/images/bar/default.jpg
/public/images/bar/1/...
/public/images/bar/2/...
/public/images/baz
/public/images/baz/default.jpg
/public/images/baz/1/...
/public/images/baz/2/...
/public/images/other/...

I want to ignore everything inside images but keep the default.jpg files and the other folder and it's content. What I have in my .gitignore doesn't work as expected, the default.jpg files are still ignored :

/public/images/*
!/public/images/*/default.jpg
!/public/images/other/

Thanks for your help !

Answer 1

!public/images/**/default.jpg应该有2颗星而不是1颗星来代表当前目录。

Answer 2

Ok I found a solution with a friend :

/public/images/*
!/public/images/*/
/public/images/*/*
!/public/images/other/*
!/public/images/*/default.jpg

Here I can forget everything inside images but keep some folders by naming them and also keep first level default.jpg files.The problem was that you need to be specific when working with subdirectories whitelisting.

Answer 3

If your files are already in the repository you will have to delete them and only then you will be able to "ignore" them.

How to remove tracked files?

git rm --cached <file>

Now you can use the .gitignore file.

---

If you wish to ignore specific file (in your case you want the folder itself so it suitable for your csse) you can use the assume-unchanged flag
https://git-scm.com/docs/git-update-index

--[no-]assume-unchanged

When this flag is specified, the object names recorded for the paths are not updated.
Instead, this option sets/unsets the "assume unchanged" bit for the paths.

When the "assume unchanged" bit is on, the user promises not to change the file and allows Git to assume that the working tree file matches what is recorded in the index. If you want to change the working tree file, you need to unset the bit to tell Git. This is sometimes helpful when working with a big project on a filesystem that has very slow lstat(2) system call (eg cifs).

Git will fail (gracefully) in case it needs to modify this file in the index eg when merging in a commit; thus, in case the assumed-untracked file is changed upstream, you will need to handle the situation manually.