如何在PostgreSQL中透视表并获取列和行的总数？

Question

Create temporary table

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE temperature(
id SERIAL,
date timestamp NOT NULL,
temperature integer NOT NULL
);

Insert data

-- insert this data twice (48 rows)
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2010-01-01','0');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2010-02-01','1');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2010-03-01','2');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2010-04-01','3');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2010-05-01','4');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2010-06-01','5');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2010-07-01','6');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2010-08-01','7');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2010-09-01','8');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2010-10-01','9');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2010-11-01','10');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2010-12-01','11');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2011-01-01','0');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2011-02-01','1');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2011-03-01','2');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2011-04-01','3');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2011-05-01','4');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2011-06-01','5');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2011-07-01','6');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2011-08-01','7');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2011-09-01','8');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2011-10-01','9');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2011-11-01','10');
INSERT INTO temperature(date, temperature) VALUES('2011-12-01','11');

Wanted final result:

 year | jan | feb | mar | apr | may | jun | jul | aug | sep | oct | nov | dec | total
------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-------
 2010 |   0 |   2 |   4 |   6 |   8 |  10 |  12 |  14 |  16 |  18 |  20 |  22 |   132
 2011 |   0 |   2 |   4 |   6 |   8 |  10 |  12 |  14 |  16 |  18 |  20 |  22 |   132
------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-------
total |   0 |   4 |   8 |  12 |  16 |  20 |  24 |  28 |  32 |  36 |  40 |  44 |   264

What have I done so far:

SELECT to_char(date, 'yyyy-mm') AS date,
       SUM(temperature) AS total_temp
FROM temperature
WHERE date >= '2010-01-01' AND date<= '2012-12-31'
GROUP BY to_char(date, 'yyyy-mm')
ORDER BY to_char(date, 'yyyy-mm') ASC;

Returns results as:

 id |        date         | temperature
----+---------------------+-------------
  1 | 2010-01-01 00:00:00 |           0
  2 | 2010-02-01 00:00:00 |           1
  3 | 2010-03-01 00:00:00 |           2
  4 | 2010-04-01 00:00:00 |           3
  5 | 2010-05-01 00:00:00 |           4
  6 | 2010-06-01 00:00:00 |           5
  7 | 2010-07-01 00:00:00 |           6
  8 | 2010-08-01 00:00:00 |           7
  9 | 2010-09-01 00:00:00 |           8
 10 | 2010-10-01 00:00:00 |           9
 11 | 2010-11-01 00:00:00 |          10
 12 | 2010-12-01 00:00:00 |          11
 13 | 2011-01-01 00:00:00 |           0
 14 | 2011-02-01 00:00:00 |           1
 15 | 2011-03-01 00:00:00 |           2
 16 | 2011-04-01 00:00:00 |           3
 17 | 2011-05-01 00:00:00 |           4
 18 | 2011-06-01 00:00:00 |           5
 19 | 2011-07-01 00:00:00 |           6
 20 | 2011-08-01 00:00:00 |           7
 21 | 2011-09-01 00:00:00 |           8
 22 | 2011-10-01 00:00:00 |           9
 23 | 2011-11-01 00:00:00 |          10
 24 | 2011-12-01 00:00:00 |          11
:

Questions:

1. How to get total sum of each column and each row?
2. How to make a control: if "total sum" of each column (264) is equal to total sum of each row (264) then write 264 (please look at the wanted final result above), otherwise write "R".

Edit

Based on @Gordon Linoff answer I made query:

SELECT to_char(date, 'yyyy') AS year, 
SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '01' THEN temperature ELSE 0 END) AS JAN,
SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '02' THEN temperature ELSE 0 END) AS FEB,
SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '03' THEN temperature ELSE 0 END) AS MAR,
SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '04' THEN temperature ELSE 0 END) AS APR,
SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '05' THEN temperature ELSE 0 END) AS MAY,
SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '06' THEN temperature ELSE 0 END) AS JUN,
SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '07' THEN temperature ELSE 0 END) AS JUL,
SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '08' THEN temperature ELSE 0 END) AS AUG,
SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '09' THEN temperature ELSE 0 END) AS SEP,
SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '10' THEN temperature ELSE 0 END) AS OCT,
SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '11' THEN temperature ELSE 0 END) AS NOV,
SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '12' THEN temperature ELSE 0 END) AS DEC,
SUM(temperature) AS Total
FROM   temperature
WHERE date>= '2010-01-01' AND date<= '2012-12-31' 
GROUP  BY 1;

Returned result:

 year | jan | feb | mar | apr | may | jun | jul | aug | sep | oct | nov | dec | total
------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-------
 2010 |   0 |   2 |   4 |   6 |   8 |  10 |  12 |  14 |  16 |  18 |  20 |  22 |   132
 2011 |   0 |   2 |   4 |   6 |   8 |  10 |  12 |  14 |  16 |  18 |  20 |  22 |   132

Answer 1

This is actually a combination of several things:

• The right group by clause.
• Conditional aggregation
• Rollup (which is available in the current release, 9.5)

The SQL query looks like:

SELECT to_char(date, 'yyyy') AS month, 
       SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '01' THEN something ELSE 0 END) AS JAN,
       SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '02' THEN something ELSE 0 END) AS FEB,
       . . .
       SUM(CASE WHEN to_char(date, 'mm') = '12' THEN something ELSE 0 END) AS DEC
FROM kmi_d 
WHERE date >= '2010-01-01' AND date <= '2012-12-31' 
GROUP BY ROLLUP( to_char(date, 'yyyy') )
ORDER BY to_char(date, 'yyyy') ASC