在C ++ MFC应用程序中绘制图形

Question

I am writing a C++ MFC application to control a machine in a manufacturing setting. This app also needs to analyze a lot of information in a very short cycle time.

For testing purposes and long term maintenance, I need to be able to graph data coming from a sensor on the console. I may have totally overlooked an option (feel free to propose other options) but my research has taken me to using a picture control.

I am successfully drawing in this control by use of OnPaint() . My issue is that I need to redraw a new image every few seconds and I cannot call OnPaint() repetitively or pass data to it.

How can I create a new function that can be used to draw on the picture control repetitively? Also, this is my first foray into an MFC app so please explain on an appropriate level. Thanks!

class CPicture : public CStatic
{
    DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
public:
    afx_msg void OnPaint();
};


BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CPicture, CStatic)
    ON_WM_PAINT()
END_MESSAGE_MAP()


void CPicture::OnPaint()
{
    CPaintDC dc(this); // device context for painting
    dc.SelectStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
    dc.Rectangle(5, 50, 1000, 51);
}

I guess the question is how and where to access this

//Picture
class CPicture : public CStatic
{
    DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
public:
    afx_msg void OnPaint();
    vector<Coordinates> GraphData;
};

void CPicture::OnPaint()
{
    // device context for painting
    CPaintDC dc(this); 

    // save current brush
    CBrush *pOldBrush = (CBrush*)dc.SelectStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);

    int NumPoints = GraphData.size() - 1;

    for (int N = 0; N <= NumPoints; N++) {
        dc.Rectangle(GraphData[N].x, GraphData[N].y, GraphData[N].x, GraphData[N].y);
    }

    // select original brush into device contect
    dc.SelectObject(pOldBrush);
}

Answer 1

You can call Invalidate() on your control when new data arrives, or use RedrawWindow() to force an immediate redraw:

CPicture myPicture;

myPicture.Invalidate();

or

myPicture.RedrawWindow();

I cannot call OnPaint() repetitively or pass data to it.

To pass data, a structure containg the data can be declared inside your CPicture class (or some place else in your program), and that data can then be accessed from within OnPaint() :

struct myData {
    int value1;
    int value2; // or an array, or some other data structure
}

class CPicture : public CStatic
{
    DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
public:

    myData m_data;
    afx_msg void OnPaint();
};

In OnPaint() (you should also select the original brush back into the device context to avoid resource leaks):

void CPicture::OnPaint()
{
    CPaintDC dc(this); // device context for painting

    // save current brush
    CBrush *pOldBrush = (CBrush*)dc.SelectStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
    // check pOldBrush - could be NULL

    // dc.Rectangle(5, 50, 1000, 51);
    // access m_data here, for example
    dc.Rectangle(m_data.value1, m_data.value2, 1000, 51);

    // select original brush into device contect
    dc.SelectObject(pOldBrush);
}

---

Update (working with threads):

Assuming the following (from the comments):

• for the main thread you have a dialog CLongbowDlg .

• for the graph, you have a PicControl derived from CStatic , and that control is placed on the dialog.

• from the main thread, a worker thread is started to read the data.

PicControl and CLongbowDlg are defined in the same header, but are independent of each other. I need to be able to call Invalidate() or RedrawWindow() from inside CLongbowDlg's functions because they represent the primary thread.

I'll try to give a short description of one of the possibilities here, because this should actually be a seperate question.

Firstly, an object of PicControl has to be a member of CLongbowDlg , which I assume is the case (let's call it m_PicControl ) - So, in class CLongbowDlg :

PicControl m_PicControl;

For the data (I'll be using the above myData as example data): in your main thread (the Dialog), create a variable of type myData : m_data (for larger data you could allocate space on the heap, or use CArray or some other container):

myData m_data;

In PicControl create a member variable of type myData* and set it to NULL in the PicControl constructor.

myData *m_pData;

In OnInitDialog() (main dialog), provide m_picControl with a pointer to the data (or better create a function to do that in PicControl):

m_picControl.m_pData = &m_data;

When starting the worker thread, also provide it a pointer to m_data and/or a pointer to the dialog itself ( this ).

Make sure to protect the data with a critical section.

When data comes in, the worker thread can write to it via the provided pointer.

In PicControl::OnPaint() , the same data can be accessed through m_pData .

To initiate a redraw, there are several ways:

• use a timer inside PicControl or in the main dialog, and call Invalidate() every time the timer fires.

• to control the redrawing from the worker thread (when a certain amount of new data has arrived for example) a message can be posted, using PostMessage() , to the main dialog (using the pointer that was provided when starting the thread - the this pointer).

  To receive the message you'll have to create a message handler in the main dialog, and from there call Invalidate() on m_picControl (you could also post a message directly to PicControl, but I prefer to do it via the main window).