监视程序在Linux中的内存使用情况

Question

Are there any tools available in Linux which graphically or textually display memory usage for a program? For example, if I write a C++ program and would like to verify that objects are being allocated and deallocated properly in memory, are there applications available that would visually show the objects being instantiated and deleted? When I used to program in Visual Studio, I remember stepping through a program and using a debug pane to monitor memory usage and am looking for something similar to that in Linux.

Answer 1

这不完全是你想要的，但看看Valgrind 。

Answer 2

while (/proc/<pid>/status)
 echo "VMSize: `ps -p <pid> -o vsize=`" >> ! mem.out
 pstack <pid> >> mem.out
 sleep 10
end

grep VMSize mem.out | awk -F':' '{print $2}' | sort -r -n | head -1 grep VMSize mem.out | awk -F':' '{print $2}' | sort -r -n | head -1 will give you peak memory.

Also use mem.out to see memory footprint and current stack correlation.

Answer 3

我通常运行top以密切关注整体内存使用情况。

Answer 4

1) First run

ps -u <your user id>

2) Get et pid of the process you want to monitor from output of 1)

3) Then run

top -p <the pid of the process you want to monitor>

Answer 5

It is really difficult to work out how much memory a process is using on an operating system which supports virtual memory.

The problem is not working out how much memory it's using, but how much of that is private and how much shared.

You can look at /proc/pid/maps or /proc/pid/smaps (maybe). These files will only tell you how much memory the process has mapped into its address space, not how much it's using, and definitely not how much is shared with other processes in the system.

Even "private" maps can be shared because fork() does copy-on-write, so a private page could still be shared with some other (related - usually parent or sibling) process. Moreover, pages which have been mapped in but never used won't be consuming space at all.

The RSS (Resident set size) of each mapping can be seen, but that only tells you how much is resident (in RAM, as opposed to swapped out into a swap file, not yet allocated, or not yet demand-loaded from a mapped file), now how much is shared and with what.

I guess your best bet would be to count the amount of private anonymous memory, which might be ok, in some cases.

Answer 6

conky ( screenshots ) is a great simple computer resource viewer that posts over the desktop wallpaper. I keep an eye on memory use and specific program use.