bash输出为json格式

Question

I'm new to Linux and Bash scripting. I am trying to output several bash scripts in Ubuntu Linux into JSON format, however, I cannot seem to get it to work properly.

My goal is to get this:

date -u +%Y-%m-%d:%H:%M:%S  //date and time

lsb_release -a  //os distro version

ifconfig -a  //ip info

Into this format in JSON:

  "datetime":datetime_string,

  "osversion":string,

  "ip_info:  [{"interface":string,"ip_addr":string,"mask":string,"gateway":string},
             {"interface":string,"ip_addr":string,"mask":string,"gateway":string}],

Answer 1

使用jo应该很容易做到这样的事情：

jo datetime=$(date -u +%Y-%m-%d:%H:%M:%S) osversion=$(lsb_release -a) ip_info=$(jo -a $(ip -o addr list))

Answer 2

Bash itself has no JSON support. Thus, to guarantee conformance, you need to use an external utility with JSON parsing and generation support built in. jq is one of these, and the below uses its built-in regex support:

jq --raw-input \
   --arg date "$(date)" \
   --arg osver "$(lsb_release -a)" \
   '{"date": $date,
     "osver": $osver,
     "ip_info": [inputs |
                 capture("^[0-9]+: (?<ifname>[^[:space:]]+)[[:space:]]+inet (?<addr>[^[:space:]/]+)(/(?<masklen>[[:digit:]]+))?")
                ]
    }' \
   < <(ip -o addr list | grep 'inet ')

See this code in action on JQPlay .

---

If you can't install tools not built into your Linux distro, consider Python:

#!/bin/bash
#      ^^^^ - important, not /bin/sh; this uses some bash-only syntax

py_code=$(cat <<'EOF'
import json, re, sys

content={'ip_info': []}
for k, v in [ arg.split('=', 1) for arg in sys.argv[2:] if '=' in arg ]:
  content[k]=v

ip_re = re.compile(r'^[0-9]+:\s+(?P<ifname>\S+)\s+inet (?P<addr>[^/\s]+)(?:/(?P<masklen>\d+))?')
for line in open(sys.argv[1]).readlines():
  m = ip_re.match(line)
  if not m: raise "NOOOO"
  content['ip_info'].append({
    'ifname': m.groups('ifname'),
    'addr': m.groups('addr'),
    'masklen': m.groups('masklen'),
  })

print json.dumps(content)
EOF
)

python -c "$py_code" \
  <(ip -o addr list | grep 'inet ') \
  "date=$(date)" "osver=$(lsb_release -a)"

Answer 3

I created a tool called jc that converts the output of many command line tools, including ifconfig , to json:

https://github.com/kellyjonbrazil/jc

$ ifconfig | jc --ifconfig -p
[
  {
    "name": "docker0",
    "flags": "4099",
    "state": "UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST",
    "mtu": "1500",
    "ipv4_addr": "172.17.0.1",
    "ipv4_mask": "255.255.0.0",
    "ipv4_bcast": "0.0.0.0",
    "mac_addr": "02:42:53:18:31:cc",
    "type": "Ethernet",
    "rx_packets": "0",
    "rx_errors": "0",
    "rx_dropped": "0",
    "rx_overruns": "0",
    "rx_frame": "0",
    "tx_packets": "0",
    "tx_errors": "0",
    "tx_dropped": "0",
    "tx_overruns": "0",
    "tx_carrier": "0",
    "tx_collisions": "0",
    "ipv6_addr": null,
    "ipv6_mask": null,
    "ipv6_scope": null,
    "metric": null
  },
  {
    "name": "ens33",
    "flags": "4163",
    "state": "UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST",
    "mtu": "1500",
    "ipv4_addr": "192.168.71.135",
    "ipv4_mask": "255.255.255.0",
    "ipv4_bcast": "192.168.71.255",
    "ipv6_addr": "fe80::c1cb:715d:bc3e:b8a0",
    "ipv6_mask": "64",
    "ipv6_scope": "link",
    "mac_addr": "00:0c:29:3b:58:0e",
    "type": "Ethernet",
    "rx_packets": "26348",
    "rx_errors": "0",
    "rx_dropped": "0",
    "rx_overruns": "0",
    "rx_frame": "0",
    "tx_packets": "5308",
    "tx_errors": "0",
    "tx_dropped": "0",
    "tx_overruns": "0",
    "tx_carrier": "0",
    "tx_collisions": "0",
    "metric": null
  },
  {
    "name": "lo",
    "flags": "73",
    "state": "UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING",
    "mtu": "65536",
    "ipv4_addr": "127.0.0.1",
    "ipv4_mask": "255.0.0.0",
    "ipv4_bcast": null,
    "ipv6_addr": "::1",
    "ipv6_mask": "128",
    "ipv6_scope": "host",
    "mac_addr": null,
    "type": "Local Loopback",
    "rx_packets": "64",
    "rx_errors": "0",
    "rx_dropped": "0",
    "rx_overruns": "0",
    "rx_frame": "0",
    "tx_packets": "64",
    "tx_errors": "0",
    "tx_dropped": "0",
    "tx_overruns": "0",
    "tx_carrier": "0",
    "tx_collisions": "0",
    "metric": null
  }
]