如何使用Java Stream API使用流外部的值创建映射？

Question

I want to init a Map<String, BigDecimal> and want to always put the same BigDecimal value from outside of the stream.

BigDecimal samePrice;
Set<String> set;

set.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Function.identity(), samePrice));

However Java complains as follows:

The method toMap(Function, Function) in the type Collectors is not applicable for the arguments (Function, BigDecimal)

Why can't I use the BigDecimal from outside? If I write:

set.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Function.identity(), new BigDecimal()));

it would work, but that's of course not what I want.

Answer 1

The second argument (like the first one) of toMap(keyMapper, valueMapper) is a function that takes the stream element and returns the value of the map.

In this case, you want to ignore it so you can have:

set.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Function.identity(), e -> samePrice));

Note that your second attempt wouldn't work for the same reason.

Answer 2

Collectors#toMap expects two Functions

set.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Function.identity(), x -> samePrice));

You can find nearly the same example within the JavaDoc

  Map<Student, Double> studentToGPA students.stream().collect(toMap(Functions.identity(), student -> computeGPA(student))); 

Answer 3

As already said in the other answers, you need to specify a function which maps each element to the fixed value like element -> samePrice .

As an addition, if you want to specifically fill a ConcurrentHashMap , there is a neat feature that doesn't need a stream operation at all:

ConcurrentHashMap<String,BigDecimal> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
map.keySet(samePrice).addAll(set);

Unfortunately, there is no such operation for arbitrary Map s.