[英]C++: Cross reference in subclasses
I've got a trouble with cross-reference in the following situation: 在以下情况下,我在交叉引用方面遇到了麻烦:
Suppose there are Students (bachelors, magisters) at the University: 假设大学里有学生(学士,魔术师):
#pragma once
#include <QDebug>
class Student;
class University : public QObject
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit University(QObject *parent = 0);
QList<Student*> students;
};
#pragma once
class University;
class Student : public QObject
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit Student(QString name, University *parent = 0);
};
#pragma once
class Student;
class University;
class BachelorStudent : public Student
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit BachelorStudent(QString name, University *parent = 0);
};
#pragma once
class Student;
class University;
class MagisterStudent : public Student
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit MagisterStudent(QString name, University *parent = 0);
};
The implementation looks like this: 实现看起来像这样:
#include "university.h"
#include "bachelorstudent.h"
#include "magisterstudent.h"
#include "student.h"
University::University(QObject *parent) : QObject(parent) {
students.append(new BachelorStudent("tommy", this));
students.append(new MagisterStudent("bobby", this));
qDebug() << students;
}
#include "student.h"
#include "university.h"
Student::Student(QString name, University *parent) : QObject(parent) {
setObjectName(name);
}
#include "bachelorstudent.h"
#include "student.h"
#include "university.h"
BachelorStudent::BachelorStudent(QString name, University *parent) : Student(name, parent)
{}
#include "magisterstudent.h"
#include "student.h"
#include "university.h"
MagisterStudent::MagisterStudent(QString name, University *parent) : Student(parent)
{}
... and simple main program: ...和简单的主程序:
#include <QApplication>
#include "university.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
QApplication a(argc, argv);
new University(&a);
return a.exec();
}
Unfortunately a compiler throws: 不幸的是,编译器抛出:
In file included from university.cpp:2: 在来自university.cpp:2的文件中:
/bachelorstudent.h:7: error: invalid use of incomplete type 'struct Student' /bachelorstudent.h:7:错误:无效使用了不完整的类型'struct Student'
/university.h:5: error: forward declaration of 'struct Student' /university.h:5:错误:“结构学生”的前向声明
In file included from university.cpp:3: 在university.cpp:3包含的文件中:
/magisterstudent.h:7: error: invalid use of incomplete type 'struct Student' /magisterstudent.h:7:错误:无效使用了不完整的类型'struct Student'
/university.h:5: error: forward declaration of 'struct Student' /university.h:5:错误:“结构学生”的前向声明
that means incorrect forward class declaration in a case of circular dependencies. 这意味着在循环依赖的情况下不正确的前向类声明。 According to lots of Q&A-forums the way "forwards in headers, includes in cpp-files" is a best practice to avoid any possible problems.
根据许多问答论坛,“在标头中转发,包括在cpp文件中”是避免任何可能出现问题的最佳做法。 So what's wrong with my code?
那么我的代码有什么问题呢?
Someone (CodeFuller) supposed a correct answer and removed it. 有人(CodeFuller)认为正确的答案并将其删除。 Why?
为什么?
His answer was: 他的回答是:
As far as BachelorStudent is inherited from Student , I must add 至于BachelorStudent是从Student继承的,我必须添加
#include "student.h"
in a header of bachelorstudent.h 在bachelorstudent.h的标题中
It works. 有用。 Thanks a lot!
非常感谢!
声明:本站的技术帖子网页,遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议,如果您需要转载,请注明本站网址或者原文地址。任何问题请咨询:yoyou2525@163.com.