[英]MySQL: how to select record with latest date before a certain date
Assume a simple table as follows containing status events for two users. 假定一个简单的表如下,其中包含两个用户的状态事件。 A status_id of 1 makes them 'active', anything else makes them de-active. status_id为1会使它们“处于活动状态”,其他任何条件会使它们处于非活动状态。 I need to find out all those users that became inactive within one year of, for example, 2015-05-01 (not including that date). 我需要找出所有在一年之内(例如,2015-05-01(不包括该日期)) 变为非活动状态的用户。
CREATE TABLE user_status(
user_id INT,
status_id INT,
date_assigned VARCHAR(10) );
INSERT INTO user_status( user_id, status_id, date_assigned)
VALUES
(1234, 1, '2015-01-01'), -- 1234 becomes active (status id = 1)
(1234, 2, '2015-07-01'), -- 1234 de-activated for reason 2
(5678, 1, '2015-02-01'), -- 5678 becomes active (status id = 1)
(5678, 3, '2015-04-01'), -- 5678 de-activated for reason 3
(5678, 5, '2015-06-01'); -- 5678 de-activated for reason 5
Using the query 使用查询
SELECT t1.*
FROM user_status t1
WHERE t1.date_assigned = (SELECT MIN(t2.date_assigned) -- the first occurrence
FROM user_status t2
WHERE t2.user_id = t1.user_id -- for this user
AND t2.status_id <> 1 -- where status not active
AND t2.date_assigned BETWEEN -- within 1 yr of given date
'2015-05-01' + INTERVAL 1 DAY -- (not including that date)
AND
'2015-05-01' + INTERVAL 1 YEAR
)
I can get the result 我可以得到结果
user_id status_id date_assigned
1234 2 2015-07-01
5678 5 2015-06-01
This is sort of right but user 5678 should not be there because although they had an inactive event within the date range, they were already inactive before the desired date range began and so did not become inactive within that range. 这样做是正确的,但用户5678不应在那里,因为尽管他们在日期范围内有不活动的事件,但他们在所需的日期范围开始之前已经处于不活动状态,因此在该范围内没有变得不活动。
I need to add a bit to my query along the lines of 'only show me those users who had an inactive event and where the previous status_id for that user was 1, ie they were active at the time the inactive event happened. 我需要在查询中添加以下内容:“仅向我显示那些具有非活动事件的用户, 并且该用户的先前status_id所在的位置为1,即他们在非活动事件发生时处于活动状态。
Can anyone help me to get the syntax correct? 谁能帮我弄清楚语法?
See SQL fiddle 请参阅SQL提琴
You can add NOT EXISTS
to your query: 您可以在查询中添加NOT EXISTS
:
SELECT t1.*
FROM user_status t1
WHERE t1.date_assigned = (SELECT MIN(t2.date_assigned) -- the first occurance
FROM user_status t2
WHERE t2.user_id = t1.user_id -- for this user
AND t2.status_id <> 1 -- where status not active
AND t2.date_assigned BETWEEN -- within 1 yr of given date
'2015-05-01' + INTERVAL 1 DAY -- (not including that date)
AND
'2015-05-01' + INTERVAL 1 YEAR
)
AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 -- such a record should not exist
FROM user_status t3
WHERE t3.user_id = t1.user_id -- for this user
AND t3.status_id <> 1 -- where status is not active
AND t3.date_assigned < -- before the examined period
'2015-05-01' + INTERVAL 1 DAY )
Edit: 编辑:
You can use the following query that also considers the case of having multiple activation dates: 您可以使用以下查询,该查询还考虑具有多个激活日期的情况:
SELECT *
FROM user_status
WHERE (user_id, date_assigned) IN (
-- get last de-activation date
SELECT t1.user_id, MAX(t1.date_assigned)
FROM user_status AS t1
JOIN (
-- get last activation date
SELECT user_id, MAX(date_assigned) AS activation_date
FROM user_status
WHERE status_id = 1
GROUP BY user_id
) AS t2 ON t1.user_id = t2.user_id AND t1.date_assigned > t2.activation_date
GROUP BY user_id
HAVING MAX(date_assigned) BETWEEN '2015-05-01' + INTERVAL 1 DAY AND '2015-05-01' + INTERVAL 1 YEAR AND
MIN(date_assigned) > '2015-05-01' + INTERVAL 1 DAY)
Self join solution : finding minimum ( the first time the status changed) within your date criteria: 自助加入解决方案:在您的日期条件内找到最低要求(第一次更改状态):
select a.user_id,b.status_id,max(b.date_assigned)
from user_status a
inner join user_status b
on a.user_id=b.user_id
and a.date_assigned <b.date_assigned
where b.status_id >1 and a.status_id=1
group by a.user_id,b.status_id
having max(b.date_assigned)> '2015-05-01'
and max(b.date_assigned) <='2016-05-01'
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