如何一次读取和附加到文本文件？

Question

I want to check if a string is inside a text file and then append that string if it's not there.

I know I can probably do that by creating two separate with methods, one for reading and another for appending, but is it possible to read and append inside the same with method?

The closest I came up with is this:

with open("file.txt","r+") as file:
    content=file.read()
    print("aaa" in content)
    file.seek(len(content))
    file.write("\nccccc")

My file.txt:

aaaaa
bbbbb

When I run the code for the first time, I get this:

aaaaa
bbbbb
ccccc

but if I run it again, this comes up:

aaaaa
bbbbb
ccc
ccccc

I would expect the third line to be ccccc .

Anyone can explain why the last two characters are truncated in the second run? Also, how do I read and append text to a file?

Answer 1

Don't use seek on text-files. The length of the contents is not the length of the file in all cases. Either use binary file reading or use two separate withs:

with open("file.txt","r") as file:
    content=file.read()
print("aaa" in content)
with open("file.txt","a") as file:
    file.write("\nccccc")

Answer 2

Use this:

with open("file.txt","r+") as file:
    content=file.read()
    file.seek(0,2)
    file.write("\nccccc")

Here we use fileObject.seek(offset[, whence]) with offset 0 & whence 2 that is seek to 0 characters from the end. And then write to the file.

OR (Alternate using SEEK_END):

import os
with open("file.txt", 'rb+') as file:
    file.seek(-1, os.SEEK_END)
    file.write("\nccccc\n")

Here we seek to SEEK_END of the file(with the os package) and then write to it.

Answer 3

seek() is based on bytes, and your text file may not be encoded with precisely one byte per character. Since read() reads the whole file and leaves the pointer at the end, there's no need to seek anyway. Just remove that line from your code and it will work fine.

with open("file.txt","r+") as file:
    content=file.read()
    print("aaa" in content)
    file.write("\nccccc")

Answer 4

Why not do this? Note, the first with statement is used for creating the file, not for reading or appending. So this solutions uses only one with to read and append.

string="aaaaa\nbbbbb"
with open("myfile", "w") as f:
    f.write(string)

with open("myfile", "r+") as f:
    if not "ccccc" in f.read():
        f.write("\nccccc")