SQL Server 中的 Try/Catch 块不处理错误

Question

We are using following error handling pattern in SQL Server stored procedures:

ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[USP_Districtdata_Import]
    @DistrictData DistrictData Readonly
AS
BEGIN
    SET NOCOUNT ON;
    BEGIN TRY
    BEGIN TRAN

    --Insert the new records into BudgetDistrict Table.
    INSERT INTO [dbo].[BudgetDistrict]
    (
     DistrictID,
     [Year],
     Season,
     BudgetStateID,
     ProjectedReturnCountIsCalc,
     RowStatus,
     CreatedBy,
     CreatedDate,
     LastModifiedBy,
     LastModifiedDate,
     EnableBudgetLock
     )

    SELECT
    DISTINCT list.[District Id],list.[Year],list.[Season],1,0,'A',@CreatedBy,@Updtime,@CreatedBy,@Updtime,0
    FROM @DistrictData liston]
        AND bud.RowStatus = 'A'
        )
    LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[BudgetDistrict] bud
      ON (bud.DistrictID  = list.[District Id]
        AND bud.[Year]    = list.[Year]
        AND bud.[Season]  = list.[Seas
    WHERE bud.DistrictID IS NULL


    --Update the existing pending budgets
    UPDATE wk
    SET  wk.Budget         = list.[Budget], 
         wk.BudgetAdjusted = list.[Budget],
         wk.ProjectedReturnCount = list.[ProjectedReturn Count], 
         wk.CreatedBy      = @CreatedBy, 
         wk.CreatedDate    = @Updtime,
         wk.LastModifiedBy = @CreatedBy, 
         wk.LastModifiedDate = @Updtime  
    FROM @DistrictData list
    INNER JOIN [dbo].[BudgetDistrict] bud
      ON (bud.DistrictID  = list.[District Id]
        AND bud.[Year]    = list.[Year]
        AND bud.[Season]  = list.[Season])
    INNER JOIN [dbo].[BudgetDistrictWeekly] wk
      ON (wk.NationalBudgetID = bud.BudgetDistrictID
       AND wk.[WeekDate]      = list.[Week])
    WHERE bud.RowStatus  = 'A'
       AND wk.RowStatus  = 'A'
       AND bud.BudgetStateID = 1

    --Insert the new budgets
    INSERT INTO [dbo].[BudgetDistrictWeekly]
    (
    WeekDate,
    Budget,
    BudgetAdjusted,
    RowStatus,
    CreatedBy,
    CreatedDate,
    LastModifiedBy,
    LastModifiedDate,
    ProjectedReturnCount
    )

    SELECT LIST.[Week],list.[Budget],list.[Budget],'A',@CreatedBy,@Updtime,@CreatedBy,@Updtime,[ProjectedReturn Count]
    FROM @DistrictData list
    LEFT JOIN [dbo].[BudgetDistrict] bud
      ON (bud.DistrictID  = list.[District Id]
        AND bud.[Year]    = list.[year]
        AND bud.[Season]  = list.Season
        AND bud.RowStatus = 'A')
    WHERE bud.DistrictID IS NULL

       IF @@ERROR = 0
       BEGIN
              COMMIT TRAN;
      END
    END TRY
    BEGIN CATCH
        SELECT 
            ERROR_NUMBER() AS ErrorNumber,  
            ERROR_LINE() AS ErrorLine, 
            ERROR_MESSAGE() AS ErrorMessage;
        ROLLBACK TRAN;
    END CATCH

SET NOCOUNT OFF;
END

but when the below error occurs in the stored procedure the try/catch block didn't work.

Error details: stored Procedure tried to insert a NULL value into a not null column.

During the execution of the stored procedure, I got following error

Transaction count after EXECUTE indicates a mismatching number of BEGIN and COMMIT statements. Previous count = 1, current count = 0.

Msg 3903, Level 16, State 1, Line 30
The ROLLBACK TRANSACTION request has no corresponding BEGIN TRANSACTION.

Why is the exception not handled? Please help

Answer 1

According to documentation ( Errors Unaffected by a TRY…CATCH Construct section) some errors are not caught by CATCH statement.

Particularly:

• Compile errors, such as syntax errors, that prevent a batch from running.
• Errors that occur during statement-level recompilation, such as object name resolution errors that occur after compilation because of deferred name resolution.

Quite typical situation is when a stored proc accesses table column (or accesses object) that were removed after the stored proc has been created.

See the sample below:

create table #test (id int, somecolumn uniqueidentifier)
GO
create procedure #testSP
as
begin try
    set nocount on;

    begin tran;

    insert into #test (id, somecolumn)
    values (1, 0x);

    commit;

end try
begin catch
    rollback;
    print 'Error happened';
end catch
GO
exec #testSP
GO
alter table #test
    drop column somecolumn
GO
exec #testSP
GO

The above code produces

Msg 207, Level 16, State 1, Procedure #testSP_..._00053EAF, Line 33 Invalid column name 'somecolumn'.

Msg 266, Level 16, State 2, Procedure #testSP_..._00053EAF, Line 33 Transaction count after EXECUTE indicates a mismatching number of BEGIN and COMMIT statements. Previous count = 1, current count = 2.

As you see despite the severity level is 16, the errors are not caught and message Error happened does not printed.

Answer 2

有一种方法，如果您能够使用动态 sql，那么请尝试使用 catch 工作