为什么 Selenium 不能通过 xpath 找到元素？

Question

When I run the following program, why is '0' printed to the console? I expected '1' to be printed since I expected the findElements() method to find a link using the xpath. Is the xpath expression incorrect? I got the expression using Firefox, Firebug, and Firepath, by selecting the link element and copying the given xpath.

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import java.util.List;

public class SeleniumSearch {
    static WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        try {
            driver.get("http://www.google.co.uk/");
            submitSearch("selenium");
            getHit();
        }
        finally {
            driver.close();
        }
    }

    static void submitSearch(String search) {
        WebElement searchBox = driver.findElement(By.name("q"));
        searchBox.sendKeys(search);
        searchBox.submit();
    }

    static void getHit() {
        List<WebElement> hits = driver.findElements(By.xpath("html/body/div[5]/div[4]/div[9]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/h3/a"));
        System.out.println(hits.size());
    }
}

Answer 1

尝试将以下内容作为 xpath 而不是实际路径： //*[@id="rso"]/div[2]/div[1]/div/h3/a

Answer 2

xpath("html/body/div[5]/div[4]/div[9]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div[1]/div/h3/a")

That's wrong work with xpath, one little change on website and your code wouldn't work! try to do it more dynamic find the closest id or tag name and continue from there, can you share your html source?

Answer 3

I would use a simple xpath like html/body//h3/a . You can also use FirePath extension of FireBug to build and evaluate xpaths.

Answer 4

我可以想出的最简单的 xpath 用于谷歌搜索中的第一个链接：

(//h3/a)[1]