Django Rest Framework 如何更新 SerializerMethodField

Question

I have a serializer like this:

class PersonSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    gender = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    bio = BioSerializer()

    class Meta:
        model = Person
        fields = UserSerializer.Meta.fields + ('gender', 'bio',)

    def get_gender(self, obj):
        return obj.get_gender_display()

I used this to display "Male" and "Female"(insted of "M" of "F") while performing GET request.

This works fine.

But now I am writing an patch method for the model and SerializerMethodField() has read_only=True . So I am not getting value passed for gender field in serializer.validated_data() . How to overcome this issue?

Answer 1

So if I understand you correctly, you want to send {'gender': 'Male'} in your PATCH request.

Therefor, you have to tell your serializer how to convert your representation ie 'Male' into the internal value.

As you can see in source , SerializerMethodField only covers the conversion from internal value to the representation.

You can implement a custom SerializerField that performs the necessary conversions. A naive implementation could something like this:

class GenderSerializerField(serializers.Field):

    VALUE_MAP = {
        'M': 'Male',
        'F': 'Female'
    }

    def to_representation(self, obj):
        return self.VALUE_MAP[obj]            

    def to_internal_value(self, data):
        return {k:v for v,k in self.VALUE_MAP.items()}[data]

class PersonSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    gender = GenderSerializerField()
    ...

Note that this untested and lacks any validation, check out the DRF docs on custom fields .

Answer 2

Aside from accepted answer, there can be other simpler hooks. If 'create' and 'update' worked as you wanted before modifiying gender field, then you can do as follow to get everything to default for create and update requests.

• Do not user SerializerMethodField . Instead override serializer representation.

class PersonSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    bio = BioSerializer()
    
    class Meta:
        model = Person
        fields = UserSerializer.Meta.fields + ('bio',)


    def to_representation(self, obj):
        ret = super().to_representation(obj)
        ret['gender'] = obj.get_gender_display()
        return ret

• Override the __init__ method . .

class PersonSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    bio = BioSerializer()
    
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        try:
            if self.context['request'].method in ['GET']:
                self.fields['gender'] = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
        except KeyError:
            pass

    class Meta:
        model = Person
        fields = UserSerializer.Meta.fields + ('bio',)

    def get_gender(self, obj):
        return obj.get_gender_display()