[英]after delete endl in cout << “hello” << endl, my C++ program stopped working
This is my code. 这是我的代码。 This code can run well.
此代码可以很好地运行。 But when I delete "endl" in "cout << "Hello world!" << endl;", It can't run.
但是在删除“ cout <<” Hello world!“ << endl;”中的“ endl”时,它无法运行。 This is what I get when delete endl
这是删除endl时得到的
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char * name;
char * n = "aaaa";
strcpy(name, n);
cout << name;
cout << "Hello world!" << endl;
return 0;
}
The following is the code that deleted endl. 以下是删除endl的代码。
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char * name;
char * n = "aaaa";
strcpy(name, n);
cout << name;
cout << "Hello world!";
return 0;
}
Lets take a look at these lines: 让我们看一下这些行:
char * name;
char * n = "aaaa";
strcpy(name, n);
The variable name
is not initialized. 变量
name
未初始化。 It's contents is indeterminate and will be seemingly random. 它的内容是不确定的 ,似乎是随机的。 Using it as a destination for a
strcpy
call will lead to undefined behavior . 将其用作
strcpy
调用的目标将导致未定义的行为 。
If you want to use C-style strings, you need to allocate memory for name
, for example by using an array: 如果要使用C样式的字符串,则需要为
name
分配内存,例如,使用数组:
char name[128];
But if you are actually programming in C++, why don't you use the awesome classes that comes with the standard library? 但是,如果您实际上是用C ++进行编程,那么为什么不使用标准库随附的超棒类呢? For example the
std::string
class that are very good at handling strings: 例如,
std::string
类非常擅长处理字符串:
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
std::string name;
std::string n = "aaaa";
name = n;
std::cout << name << '\n';
std::cout << "Hello world" << std::endl;
}
name
is an uninitialized pointer : it points at some random memory location. name
是一个未初始化的指针:它指向某个随机存储器位置。 When you strcpy
to it, you trample five bytes at that location, replacing them with aaaa\\0
. 当你
strcpy
它,你践踏五个字节在该位置,与替换它们aaaa\\0
。
Formally, this is undefined behaviour. 形式上,这是不确定的行为。 In practice, you have witnessed two different symptoms : no apparent effect, and a crash.
在实践中,您目睹了两种不同的症状:没有明显的效果和崩溃。
Point name
at a sufficiently large buffer that you actually own, and all will be fine. 将
name
指向您实际拥有的足够大的缓冲区,一切都会好的。
char * name;
This line 'name' is not initialised and holds garbage. 此行“名称”未初始化,并且保留垃圾。
Instead do something like: 而是执行以下操作:
using namespace std;
int main(){
char name[10];
char *n = "aaaa";
strcpy(name, n);
cout << name;
cout << "Hello world!";
return 0;
}
You're copying into a garbage address. 您正在复制到垃圾地址。
char * name; //<<<garbage address
char * n = "aaaa";
strcpy(name, n);
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