graph.write_pdf(“iris.pdf”) AttributeError: 'list' 对象没有属性 'write_pdf'

Question

My code is follow the class of machine learning of google.The two code are same.I don't know why it show error.May be the type of variable is error.But google's code is same to me.Who has ever had this problem?

This is error

[0 1 2]
[0 1 2]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/media/joyce/oreo/python/machine_learn/VisualizingADecisionTree.py", line 34, in <module>
    graph.write_pdf("iris.pdf")
AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'write_pdf'
[Finished in 0.4s with exit code 1]
[shell_cmd: python -u "/media/joyce/oreo/python/machine_learn/VisualizingADecisionTree.py"]
[dir: /media/joyce/oreo/python/machine_learn]
[path: /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games]

This is code

import numpy as np
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
from sklearn import tree

iris = load_iris()
test_idx = [0, 50, 100]

# training data
train_target = np.delete(iris.target, test_idx)
train_data = np.delete(iris.data, test_idx, axis=0)

# testing data
test_target = iris.target[test_idx]
test_data = iris.data[test_idx]

clf = tree.DecisionTreeClassifier()
clf.fit(train_data, train_target)

print test_target
print clf.predict(test_data) 

# viz code
from sklearn.externals.six import StringIO
import pydot
dot_data = StringIO()
tree.export_graphviz(clf,
        out_file=dot_data,
        feature_names=iris.feature_names,
        class_names=iris.target_names,
        filled=True, rounded=True,
        impurity=False)

graph = pydot.graph_from_dot_data(dot_data.getvalue())
graph.write_pdf("iris.pdf")

Answer 1

I think you are using newer version of python. Please try with pydotplus.

import pydotplus
...
graph = pydotplus.graph_from_dot_data(dot_data.getvalue())
graph.write_pdf("iris.pdf")

This should do it.

Answer 2

pydot.graph_from_dot_data() returns a list, so try:

graph = pydot.graph_from_dot_data(dot_data.getvalue())
graph[0].write_pdf("iris.pdf") 

Answer 3

I had exactly the same issue. Turned out that I hadn't installed graphviz. Once i did that it started to work.

Answer 4

@Alex Sokolov, for my case in window, i downloaded and install / unzip the following to a folder then setup the PATH in Windows environment variables . re-run the py code works for me. hope is helpful to you.

Answer 5

I install scikit-learn via conda and all of about not work. Firstly, I have to install libtool

brew install libtool --universal

Then I follow this sklearn guide Then change the python file to this code

clf = clf.fit(train_data, train_target)
tree.export_graphviz(clf,out_file='tree.dot') 

Finally convert to png in terminal

dot -Tpng tree.dot -o tree.png

Answer 6

I tried the previous answers and still got a error when running the script Therefore, I just used pydotplus

import pydotplus

and install the " graphviz " by using:

sudo apt-get install graphviz

Then it worked for me, and I added

graph = pydotplus.graph_from_dot_data(dot_data.getvalue())
graph.write_pdf("iris.pdf")

Thanks to the previous contributors.

Answer 7

It works as the following on Python3.7 but don't forget to install pydot using Anaconda prompt:

   from sklearn.externals.six import StringIO
   import pydot

   # viz code
   dot_data = StringIO()
   tree.export_graphviz(clf, out_file=dot_data, feature_names=iris.feature_names,
                 class_names=iris.target_names, filled=True, rounded=True,
                 impurity=False)
   graph = pydot.graph_from_dot_data(dot_data.getvalue())
   graph[0].write_pdf('iris.pdf')

Answer 8

I use Anaconda. Here's what worked for me: run from terminal:

conda install python-graphviz
conda install pydot     ## don't forget this <-----------------

Then run

clf = clf.fit(train_data, train_target)
tree.export_graphviz(clf,out_file='tree.dot')

Then from the terminal:

dot -Tpng tree.dot -o tree.png

Answer 9

To add all graphs for the number of your n_estimators you can do:

for i in range(0, n):  #n is your n_estimators number
    dot_data = StringIO()
    tree.export_graphviz(clf.estimators_[i], out_file=dot_data, feature_names=iris.feature_names,
                        class_names=iris.target_names, filled=True, rounded=True,
                        impurity=False)
    graph = pydotplus.graph_from_dot_data(dot_data.getvalue())
    graph.write_pdf("iris%s.pdf"%i)

you could also switch the line

graph = pydotplus.graph_from_dot_data(dot_data.getvalue())

for this one

(graph,) = pydot.graph_from_dot_data(dot_data.getvalue())
graph.write_pdf("iris.pdf")

and it would still work.

Answer 10

I hope this helps, I was having a similar issue. I decided not to use pydot / pydotplus, but rather graphviz . I modified (barely) the code and it works wonders! :)

# 2. Train classifier
# Testing Data
# Examples used to "test" the classifier's accuracy
# Not part of the training data
import numpy as np
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
from sklearn import tree
iris = load_iris()
test_idx = [0, 50, 100] # Grabs one example of each flower for testing data (in the data set it so happens to be that
                        # each flower begins at 0, 50, and 100

# training data
train_target = np.delete(iris.target, test_idx)     # Delete all but 3 for training target data
train_data = np.delete(iris.data, test_idx, axis=0) # Delete all but 3 for training data

# testing data
test_target = iris.target[test_idx] # Get testing target data
test_data = iris.data[test_idx]     # Get testing data

# create decision tree classifier and train in it on the testing data
clf = tree.DecisionTreeClassifier()
clf.fit(train_data, train_target)

# Predict label for new flower
print(test_target)
print(clf.predict(test_data))

# Visualize the tree
from sklearn.externals.six import StringIO
import graphviz
dot_data = StringIO()
tree.export_graphviz(clf,
        out_file=dot_data,
        feature_names=iris.feature_names,
        class_names=iris.target_names,
        filled=True, rounded=True,
        impurity=False)
graph = graphviz.Source(dot_data.getvalue())
graph.render("iris.pdf", view=True)