Python：在.csv文件中打印嵌套字典，如何删除[]和'

Question

Say I have a dictionary:

d = {'Bob': {'Car': ['a = 1.10', 'b = 1.50'], 'House': ['c = 1.20'], 'Hp': 'true', 'Wife': 'false'},
     'Sam': {'Car': ['d = 1.40'], 'House': ['c = 1.60'], 'Hp': 'true', 'Wife': 'true'}}

I want to print it in a table in .csv file.

My desired output (when opened in Excel):

Name Hp    Wife  Car                 House
Bob  true  false a = 1.10, b = 1.50  c = 1.20
Sam  true  true  d = 1.60            c = 1.40

My code so far:

header = ['Name', 'Hp', 'Wife', 'Car', 'House']
with open("output.csv", "w") as f:
    w = csv.DictWriter(f, header)
    w.writeheader()
    for key, val in sorted(d.items()):
        row = {'Name': key}
        row.update(val)
        w.writerow(row)

But the output that I got is this (when opened in Excel):

Name Hp    Wife  Car                         House
Bob  true  false "['a = 1.10', 'b = 1.50']"  ['c = 1.20']
Sam  true  true  ['d = 1.60']                ['c = 1.40']

Is there a way to remove the [] and ' besides using the find and replace function in Excel?

Answer 1

join the items in the list and update the dictionary. The joining should be done with a semi-colon, to avoid moving items to the next column or having them wrapped with " " :

header = ['Name', 'Hp', 'Wife', 'Car', 'House']
with open("output.csv", "w") as f:
    w = csv.DictWriter(f, header)
    w.writeheader()
    for key, val in sorted(d.items()):
        row = {'Name': key}
        row.update(val)
        row['Car'] = '; '.join(row['Car'])  # here
        row['House'] = '; '.join(row['House']) # here
        w.writerow(row)

Answer 2

Here is a way to do it by using str.join() to join the items in the nested lists. The nested lists are detected using isinstance() . If you do not specify a delimiter when creating the csv writer, it will default to comma so this code:

import csv

d = {'Bob': {'Car': ['a = 1.10', 'b = 1.50'],
         'House': ['c = 1.20'],
         'Hp': 'true',
         'Wife': 'false'},
     'Sam': {'Car': ['d = 1.40'],
         'House': ['c = 1.60'],
         'Hp': 'true',
         'Wife': 'true'}}

header = ['Name', 'Hp', 'Wife', 'Car', 'House']

with open("output.csv", "w") as f:
    w = csv.DictWriter(f, header)
    w.writeheader()
    for name in sorted(d):
        values_dict = {k: v if not isinstance(v, list) else ', '.join(v)
                            for k,v in d[name].items()}
        w.writerow(dict(Name=name, **values_dict))

will output

Name,Hp,Wife,Car,House
Bob,true,false,"a = 1.10, b = 1.50",c = 1.20
Sam,true,true,d = 1.40,c = 1.60

to the csv file. Notice that there are embedded quotes in the output. This is so that Excel will not interpret the inner , as a delimiter, and Excel will not display the quotes when the file is loaded. It's fine to leave it there.

If you don't like that you can change the csv delimiter to a space for example:

w = csv.DictWriter(f, header, delimiter=' ')

Or you could use a different delimiter when joining the items in the nested lists.

Answer 3

x = ['a = 1.10', 'b = 1.50']
print x
print str(x).replace('[','').replace(']','').replace("'",'')