如何从内部有 Observable 订阅的 function 返回值？

Question

I dont know how to extract value from Observable to be returned by function in which Observable is present. I need just a value from it to be returned, nothing else.

Current version which works

function getValueFromObservable() {
    this.store.subscribe(
        (data:any) => {
            console.log(data)
        }
    )
}
getValueFromObservable()

I need this to work, function to return value, and then:

function getValueFromObservable() {
    this.store.subscribe(
        (data:any) => {
            return data
        }
    )
}
console.log(getValueFromObservable())

What am I doing wrong here?

Answer 1

EDIT: updated code in order to reflect changes made to the way pipes work in more recent versions of RXJS. All operators (take in my example) are now wrapped into the pipe() operator.

I realize that this Question was quite a while ago and you surely have a proper solution by now, but for anyone looking for this I would suggest solving it with a Promise to keep the async pattern.

A more verbose version would be creating a new Promise:

function getValueFromObservable() {
    return new Promise(resolve=>{
        this.store.pipe(
           take(1) //useful if you need the data once and don't want to manually cancel the subscription again
         )
         .subscribe(
            (data:any) => {
                console.log(data);
                resolve(data);
         })
    })
}

On the receiving end you will then have "wait" for the promise to resolve with something like this:

getValueFromObservable()
   .then((data:any)=>{
   //... continue with anything depending on "data" after the Promise has resolved
})

A slimmer solution would be using RxJS' .toPromise() instead:

function getValueFromObservable() {
    return this.store.pipe(take(1))
       .toPromise()   
}

The receiving side stays the same as above of course.

Answer 2

This is not exactly correct idea of using Observable

In the component you have to declare class member which will hold an object (something you are going to use in your component)

export class MyComponent {
  name: string = "";
}

Then a Service will be returning you an Observable :

getValueFromObservable():Observable<string> {
    return this.store.map(res => res.json());
}

Component should prepare itself to be able to retrieve a value from it:

OnInit(){
  this.yourServiceName.getValueFromObservable()
    .subscribe(res => this.name = res.name)
}

You have to assign a value from an Observable to a variable:

And your template will be consuming variable name :

<div> {{ name }} </div>

Another way of using Observable is through async pipe http://briantroncone.com/?p=623

Note : If it's not what you are asking, please update your question with more details

Answer 3

If you want to pre-subscribe to the same Observable which will be returned, just use

.do():

function getValueFromObservable() {
    return this.store.do(
        (data:any) => {
            console.log("Line 1: " +data);
        }
    );
}

getValueFromObservable().subscribe(
        (data:any) => {
            console.log("Line 2: " +data)
        }
    );

Answer 4

The problem is that data is captured inside the observable and I can just console log it. I want to return that value and console.log or whatever from different file by calling the function in which it resides.

Looks like you are looking for a "current value" getter inside an observable, when it emits and after an emission.

Subject and Observable doesn't have such a thing. When a value is emitted, it is passed to its subscribers and the Observable is done with it.

You may use BehaviorSubject which stores the last emitted value and emits it immediately to new subscribers.

It also has a getValue() method to get the current value;

Further Reading:

RxJS BehaviorSubject

How to get current value of RxJS Subject or Observable?

Answer 5

Observable values can be retrieved from any locations. The source sequence is first pushed onto a special observer that is able to emit elsewhere. This is achieved with the Subject class from the Reactive Extensions (RxJS).

var subject = new Rx.AsyncSubject();  // store-last-value method

Store value onto the observer .

subject.next(value); // store value
subject.complete(); // publish only when sequence is completed

To retrieve the value from elsewhere, subscribe to the observer like so:

subject.subscribe({
  next: (response) => {
      //do stuff. The property name "response" references the value
  }
});

Subjects are both Observables and Observers. There are other Subject types such as BehaviourSubject and ReplaySubject for other usage scenarios.

Don't forget to import RxJS.

var Rx = require('rxjs');

Answer 6

While the previous answers may work in a fashion, I think that using BehaviorSubject is the correct way if you want to continue using observables.

Example:

    this.store.subscribe(
        (data:any) => {
            myService.myBehaviorSubject.next(data)
        }
    )

In the Service:

let myBehaviorSubject = new BehaviorSubjet(value);

In component.ts:

this.myService.myBehaviorSubject.subscribe(data => this.myData = data)

I hope this helps!

Answer 7

For example this is my html template:

<select class="custom-select d-block w-100" id="genre" name="genre"
                  [(ngModel)]="film.genre"
                  #genreInput="ngModel"
                  required>
            <option value="">Choose...</option>
            <option *ngFor="let genre of genres;" [value]="genre.value">{{genre.name}}</option>
          </select>

This is the field that binded with template from my Component:

  // Genres of films like action or drama that will populate dropdown list.
  genres: Genre[];

I fetch genres of films from server dynamically. In order do communicate with server I have created FilmService

This is the method which communicate server:

 fetchGenres(): Observable<Genre[]> {
    return this.client.get(WebUtils.RESOURCE_HOST_API + 'film' + '/genre') as Observable<Genre[]>;
  }

Why this method returns Observable<Genre[]> not something like Genre[] ?

JavaScript is async and it does not wait for a method to return value after an expensive process. With expensive I mean a process that take a time to return value. Like fetching data from server. So you have to return reference of Observable and subscribe it.

For example in my Component :

ngOnInit() {
    this.filmService.fetchGenres().subscribe(
      val => this.genres = val
    );
  }

Answer 8

In the single-threaded,asynchronous,promise-oriented,reactive-trending world of javascript async/await is the imperative-style programmer's best friend:

(async()=>{

    const store = of("someValue");
    function getValueFromObservable () {
        return store.toPromise();
    }
    console.log(await getValueFromObservable())

})();

And in case store is a sequence of multiple values:

  const aiFrom = require('ix/asynciterable').from;
  (async function() {

     const store = from(["someValue","someOtherValue"]);
     function getValuesFromObservable () {
        return aiFrom(store);
     }
     for await (let num of getValuesFromObservable()) {
       console.log(num);
     }
  })();

Answer 9

function getValueFromObservable() {
    this.store.subscribe(
        (data:any) => {
            return data
        }
    )
}
console.log(getValueFromObservable())

In above case console.log runs before the promise is resolved so no value is displayed, change it to following

function getValueFromObservable() {
    return this.store
}

getValueFromObservable()
 .subscribe((data: any) => {
    // do something here with data
    console.log(data);
});

other solution is when you need data inside getValueFromObservable to return the observable using of operator and subscribe to the function.

 function getValueFromObservable() {
        return this.store.subscribe((data: any) => {
            // do something with data here
            console.log(data);
            //return again observable.
            return of(data);
       })
    }

    getValueFromObservable()
     .subscribe((data: any) => {
        // do something here with data
        console.log(data);
    });

Answer 10

The decent way would be to return the observable from a function and subscribe to it wherever required, because observables are lazy, they will start emitting values only when they are subscribed.

Here I have one more interesting event driven solution, which I initially used to play around with. Following example does this by using " events " module of nodejs. You can use it with other frameworks where similar module exists ( Note : Syntax and style might change depending on module used).

var from =require("rxjs").from;
var map = require("rxjs/operators").map;
var EventEmitter = require("events");

function process(event) {
    from([1,2,3]).pipe(
        map(val => `The number is:: ${val}`)
    ).subscribe((data) => {
       event.emit("Event1", data); //emit value received in subscribe to the "Event1" listener
    });
}

function main() {
   class Emitter extends EventEmitter{};
    var event = new Emitter(); //creating an event
    event.on("Event1", (data)=>{ //listening to the event of name "Event1" and callback to log returned result
        console.log(data); //here log, print, play with the data you receive
    });
    process(event); //pass the event to the function which returns observable.
}

main(); //invoke main function

It is just an example to showcase an idea where we can pass data from different places by method of emitting and listening. This is also known as event-driven code.

Answer 11

Returning an observable from a function.

rxjsFunction.ts

import { Observable } from 'rxjs'

export function getValueFromObservable() {

    return new Observable( (obs) => {
        obs.next(5);
    })
}

main.ts

import { getValueFromObservable } from "./rxjsFunction";

getValueFromObservable().subscribe((value) => {
    next: console.log(value);
});

Answer 12

I wanted to check if the data was stored on the client, or if I had to get it from the server via API call. Then returning a new observer and subscribing to this did the trick. The first time the data is fetched from the server and after is return the this.allUsers, since I set this data after the API was called and data was returned.

    private _allUsers: EnconUser[] = undefined;
    get allUsers(): EnconUser[]
    {
      return this._allUsers;
    }
    set allUsers(value: EnconUser[])
    {
      this.storage.store('allUsers', value);
      this._allUsers = value;
    }

    public getAllUsers() : Observable<EnconUser[]>
    {
      if (this.allUsers == undefined)
      {
        return new Observable((obs) => {this.httpClient.get<EnconUser[]>(`http://api/getallusers`).subscribe(data=>{this.allUsers=data; obs.next(data); })});
      }
      else
      {
       return new Observable((obs) => {
        obs.next(this.allUsers);
        });
      }
    }