如何正确地流传输子组件的TCollection属性，例如嵌入式TDBGrid的Columns属性

Question

I've been trying to boil down to an MCVE some code the author of another q sent me to illustrate a problem with a custom component.

The component is simply a TPanel descendant which includes an embedded TDBGrid. My version of its source, and a test project are below.

The problem is that if the embedded DBGrid has been created with persistent columns, when its test project is re-opened in the IDE, an exception is raised

Error reading TColumn.Grid.Expanded . Property Grid does not exist.

Executing the Stream method of the test project shows how this problem arises:

For comparison purposes, I also have a normal TDBGrid, DBGrid1, on my form. Whereas the Columns of this DBGrid1 are streamed as

Columns = <
  item
    Expanded = False
    FieldName = 'ID'
    Visible = True
  end
[...]

the embedded grid's columns are streamed like this

Grid.Columns = <
  item
    Grid.Expanded = False
    Grid.FieldName = 'ID'
    Grid.Visible = True
  end
[...]

It's obviously the Grid prefix of Grid.Expanded and the other column properties which is causing the problem.

I imagine that the problem is something to do with the fact that DBGridColumns is a TCollection descendant and that the embedded grid isn't the top-level object in the DFM.

My question is: How should the code of TMyPanel be modified so that the grid's columns get correctly streamed?

Component source:

unit MAGridu;

interface

uses
  Windows, SysUtils, Classes, Controls, ExtCtrls, DBGrids;

type
  TMyPanel = class(TPanel)
  private
    FGrid : TDBGrid;
  public
    constructor Create(AOwner : TComponent); override;
  published
    property Grid : TDBGrid read FGrid;
  end;

procedure Register;

implementation

procedure Register;
begin
  RegisterComponents('Standard', [TMyPanel]);
end;

constructor TMyPanel.Create(AOwner: TComponent);
begin
  inherited Create(AOwner);
  FGrid := TDBGrid.Create(Self);
  FGrid.SetSubcomponent(True);
  FGrid.Parent := Self;
end;

end.

Test project source:

type
  TForm1 = class(TForm)
    DBGrid1: TDBGrid;
    CDS1: TClientDataSet;
    DataSource1: TDataSource;
    MyPanel1: TMyPanel;
    Memo1: TMemo;
    Button1: TButton;
    procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
  private
    procedure Stream;
  public
  end;

var
  Form1: TForm1;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
  Stream;
end;

procedure TForm1.Stream;
//  This method is included as an easy way of getting at the contents of the project's
//  DFM.  It saves the form to a stream, and loads it into a memo on the form.
var
  SS : TStringStream;
  MS : TMemoryStream;
  Writer : TWriter;
begin
  SS := TStringStream.Create('');
  MS := TMemoryStream.Create;
  Writer := TWriter.Create(MS, 4096);

  try
    Writer.Root := Self;
    Writer.WriteSignature;
    Writer.WriteComponent(Self);
    Writer.FlushBuffer;
    MS.Position := 0;
    ObjectBinaryToText(MS, SS);
    Memo1.Lines.Text := SS.DataString;
  finally
    Writer.Free;
    MS.Free;
    SS.Free;
  end;
end;
end.

procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
var
  Field : TField;
begin
  Field := TIntegerField.Create(Self);
  Field.FieldName := 'ID';
  Field.FieldKind := fkData;
  Field.DataSet := CDS1;

  Field := TStringField.Create(Self);
  Field.FieldName := 'Name';
  Field.Size := 20;
  Field.FieldKind := fkData;
  Field.DataSet := CDS1;

  CDS1.CreateDataSet;
  CDS1.InsertRecord([1, 'One']);

end;

end.

Answer 1

Seems there is not much you can do about it. When you look into procedure WriteCollectionProp (local to TWriter.WriteProperties ) you see that FPropPath is cleared before the call to WriteCollection .

The problem with TDBGrid , or better TCustomDBGrid , is that the collection is marked as stored false and the streaming is delegated to DefineProperties , which uses TCustomDBGrid.WriteColumns to do the work.

Inspecting that method reveals that, although it also calls WriteCollection , the content of FPropPath is not cleared before. This is somewhat expected as FPropPath is a private field.

The reason why it nonetheless works in the standard use case is that at the moment of writing FPropPath is just empty.

As even Delphi 10.1 Berlin behaves the same as Delphi 7, I suggest filing a QP report together with just this example.

Answer 2

The solution would involve the embedded grid not having the form that owns the panel as the streaming root, but the panel itself. This will prevent the grid's properties being qualified by 'Grid', which, in effect, will eliminate column properties being wrongly qualified by the same. That is to say, the below is a workaround for faulty behavior.

To achieve the above, remove the SetSubComponent call,

constructor TMyPanel.Create(AOwner: TComponent);
begin
  inherited Create(AOwner);
  FGrid := TDBGrid.Create(Self);
//  FGrid.SetSubcomponent(True);
  FGrid.Parent := Self;
end;

The csSubComponent style being removed, now the grid is not streamed at all.

Then override GetChildren for the panel to stream the grid through the panel. GetChildren , as documented , is used to determine which child controls are saved (streamed) of a control. Since we have only one control (the grid) we don't need to make a distinction and instead can call the inherited handler modifying the root.

type
  TMyPanel = class(TPanel)
  private
    FGrid : TDBGrid;
  public
    constructor Create(AOwner : TComponent); override;
    procedure GetChildren(Proc: TGetChildProc; Root: TComponent); override;
  published
    property Grid : TDBGrid read FGrid;
  end;

...

procedure TMyPanel.GetChildren(Proc: TGetChildProc; Root: TComponent);
begin
  inherited GetChildren(Proc, Self);
end;

---

Then remains resolving subcomponent complications. Complication here was a second grid being created sitting in front of the panel which assumes streamed properties. Very much like in this unanswered question. Note that this problem is not related to the solution provided above. The original code displays the same problem.

Having read the question mentioned above, and this one, and this one, and this one, and still not being able to resolve with the help of the code, clues, advices in them, I traced the streaming system and came up with my solution as below.

I'm not claiming it is how it is supposed to be. It is just how I could make this to work. Main modifications are, the sub-grid is now writable (which would require a setter in production code), the conditional creation of the grid, and the overriden GetChildOwner of the panel. Below is the entire unit having TMyPanel2 ( TMyPanel couldn't make it... ).

 unit TestPanel2; interface uses Windows, SysUtils, Classes, Controls, ExtCtrls, DBGrids; type TMyPanel2 = class(TPanel) private FGrid : TDBGrid; protected function GetChildOwner: TComponent; override; public constructor Create(AOwner : TComponent); override; destructor Destroy; override; procedure GetChildren(Proc: TGetChildProc; Root: TComponent); override; published property Grid : TDBGrid read FGrid write FGrid; end; procedure Register; implementation procedure Register; begin RegisterComponents('Test', [TMyPanel2]); end; constructor TMyPanel2.Create(AOwner: TComponent); begin inherited Create(AOwner); if not (csReading in AOwner.ComponentState) then begin FGrid := TDBGrid.Create(Self); FGrid.Name := 'InternalDBGrid'; FGrid.Parent := Self; end else RegisterClass(TDBGrid); end; destructor TMyPanel2.Destroy; begin FGrid.Free; inherited; end; function TMyPanel2.GetChildOwner: TComponent; begin Result := Self; end; procedure TMyPanel2.GetChildren(Proc: TGetChildProc; Root: TComponent); begin Proc(Grid); end; end.