实体框架：如何在更新或删除“通用”父对象时删除相关实体

Question

I have a Product class, which contains a Picture property. Other classes may also have a picture, eg a Customer can have a Picture .

Product.cs:

public class Product
{
    public Picture Picture { get; set; }
} 

Customer.cs:

public class Customer
{
    public Picture Picture { get; set; }
} 

Picture.cs:

public class Picture
{
    public string Type { get; set; }

    public byte[] Content { get; et; }
}

The picture is always optional , ie Products and Customers may or may not have a picture. However, a picture is uniquely linked to exactly one 'parent' entity (either a Product or a Customer). Without the parent, there's no use for the Picture to exist. Note that there's no link from Picture to the parent class, because this parent can be of multiple types (Product or Customer).

Another requirement is that I want to have full control over whether the picture is loaded or not, through eager or lazy loading . Eg when retrieving a list of products, I don't want the picture to be fetched, but if a single product is requested, the picture should be included.

My question : how can I configure Entity Framework so that:

• The Picture record is deleted when the parent (product or customer) record is deleted
• The Picture record is deleted whenever the parent record is updated and the new version does not contain a picture
• The Picture record is replaced (delete + create of a record) whenever the parent is updated with a new picture
• The picture is optional
• Always keep control over whether the picture is loaded or not

I'm using fluent API to define the relationship. Currently, there's no cascading delete whatsoever.

public class ProductMap : EntityTypeConfiguration<Product>
{
    public ProductMap()
    {
        ToTable("PRODUCTS");

        HasKey(x => x.Id);

        HasOptional(x => x.Picture).WithOptionalDependent().Map(m => m.MapKey("PICTUREID"));
    }
}

I tried using WithRequired but this generates errors because there's no link or foreign key from Picture to Product/Customer .

Answer 1

you can do as follow:

public abstract class Picture
{
    public int Id {get;set;}
    public string Type { get; set; }
    public byte[] Content { get; set; }
}

public class ProductImage:Picture
{
    public int ProductId {get;set;}
    public virtual Product Product {get;set;}
}
public class CustomerImage:Picture
{
   public int CustomerId {get;set;}
   public virtual Customer Customer{get;set;}
}

then you can configuer like this: ex. for product:

HasOptional(x=>x.ProductImage)
 .withRequired(x=>x.Product)
 .HasForeignKey(x=>x.ProductId); //cascade on delete is default true

In this way you can load picture when you need it, and if you delete product item, the image will be deleted as well. The image is optional, and can be replaced. On update you must specified a new image or delete the old image.

Hope this alternative will help you chose exact what you want.

Answer 2

I think you can configure the Picture as ComplexType that will make the properties of Picture class columns in the parent table.

This means:

• Whenever the parent is deleted, the corresponding Picture is deleted.
• Whenever the parent is updated with new Picture data (updated picture data or no data), corresponding columns in the parent table are also updated.

How you can configure the Picture entity as ComplexType is described here: http://weblogs.asp.net/manavi/entity-association-mapping-with-code-first-part-1-one-to-one-associations .

Minimally this is what you need to do:

public class MyDbContext:DbContext
{
    public DbSet<Customer> Customers { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Product> Products { get; set; }

    protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
    {
        modelBuilder.ComplexType<Picture>();
    }
}

If you run migration then possibly it will generate the migrations similar to following:

    public override void Up()
    {
        CreateTable(
            "dbo.Customers",
            c => new
                {
                    Id = c.Int(nullable: false, identity: true),
                    Picture_Type = c.String(),
                    Picture_Content = c.Binary(),
                })
            .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id);

        CreateTable(
            "dbo.Products",
            c => new
                {
                    Id = c.Int(nullable: false, identity: true),
                    Picture_Type = c.String(),
                    Picture_Content = c.Binary(),
                })
            .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id);

    }

Additionally you can also write fluent configuration for ComplexType as follows:

public class PictureConfig : ComplexTypeConfiguration<Picture>
{
    public PictureConfig()
    {
        Property(t => t.Type).HasColumnName("PictureType");
        Property(t => t.Content).HasColumnName("PictureContent");
    }
}

and add this configuration in DbContext :

public class MyDbContext:DbContext
{
    public DbSet<Customer> Customers { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Product> Products { get; set; }

    protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
    {
        //modelBuilder.ComplexType<Picture>();
        modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new PictureConfig());
    }
}

If you now add-migration , it might look like the following:

    public override void Up()
    {
        CreateTable(
            "dbo.Customers",
            c => new
                {
                    Id = c.Int(nullable: false, identity: true),
                    PictureType = c.String(),
                    PictureContent = c.Binary(),
                })
            .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id);

        CreateTable(
            "dbo.Products",
            c => new
                {
                    Id = c.Int(nullable: false, identity: true),
                    PictureType = c.String(),
                    PictureContent = c.Binary(),
                })
            .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id);

    }

Hope this helps.

Update based on comment: This part of the update does not really give you exactly what you want, but rather makes a mere suggestion.

I think you are looking for a relation like the following:

Product---1-----1---Picture ---1------1---Customer
|- Id               |- Id                 |- Id
|- PictureId?                             |- PictureId?

That is, you may keep nullable PictureId on the parent classes, and change this PictureId , whenever, the picture is changed.

Disadvantage:You need to manage the data manipulation activity (CRUD) on your own.

Advantage:This way you have full control over when to load the image, as loading the parent does not load the Picture automatically. Also this enables you to decouple the Picture from your database and use some sort of blob storage (may be on cloud or so).

Answer 3

I found this here on StackOverflow as well and maybe it will help you:

modelBuilder.Entity<Product>()
    .HasKey(c => c.Id)
    .HasRequired(c => c.User)
    .WithRequiredDependent(c => c.UserProfile)
    .WillCascadeOnDelete(true);

I think you need to change your code a little bit but it should work...

Original Post: EF Code First Fluent API - Cascade Delete

Maybe this can help you as well: Cascade delete using Fluent API

Answer 4

Add the call to delete the Picture where you are deleting the the product. If you are doing this in a number of places re-factor to encapsulate this operation. I find the EF configurations to be less than transparent but a simple call to delete in a DeleteProduct method or DeleteCustomer method are easy to read and understand.