C ++ parallel_for错误

Question

I am trying to learn how to use TBB, so I'm modifying a sample program I found that is designed to compute powers of an array of complex numbers. Originally, it was passing an array into the parallel_for loop, but I am trying to change it so that it passes in a vector. However, I cannot get my code to compile; I get the following error (compiled using g++ -g program_name.cpp -ltbb):

error: passing ‘const std::complex<double>’ as ‘this’ argument
       discards qualifiers [-fpermissive] result[i] = z;

My code is below:

#include <cstdlib>
#include <cmath>
#include <complex>
#include <ctime>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include "tbb/tbb.h"
#include "tbb/blocked_range.h"
#include "tbb/parallel_for.h"
#include "tbb/parallel_for_each.h"
#include "tbb/task_scheduler_init.h"

using namespace std;
using namespace tbb;
typedef complex<double> dcmplx;

dcmplx random_dcmplx ( void )
{
   double e = 2*M_PI*((double) rand())/RAND_MAX;
   dcmplx c(cos(e),sin(e));
   return c;
}

class ComputePowers
{
   vector<dcmplx>  c; // numbers on input
   int d;           // degree
   vector<dcmplx>  result;  // output
   public:
      ComputePowers(vector<dcmplx> x, int deg, vector<dcmplx> y): c(x), d(deg), result(y) { }

      void operator() ( const blocked_range<size_t>& r ) const
      {
         for(int i=r.begin(); i!=r.end(); ++i)
         {
            dcmplx z(1.0,0.0);
            for(int j=0; j < d; j++) {
                z = z*c[i];
            };
            result[i] = z;
         }
      }
};

int main ( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
   int deg = 100;
   int dim = 10;

   vector<dcmplx> r;
   for(int i=0; i<dim; i++)
     r.push_back(random_dcmplx());

   vector<dcmplx> s(dim);

   task_scheduler_init init(task_scheduler_init::automatic);

   parallel_for(blocked_range<size_t>(0,dim),
                ComputePowers(r,deg,s));
   for(int i=0; i<dim; i++)
       cout << scientific << setprecision(4)
       << "x[" << i << "] = ( " << s[i].real()
       << " , " << s[i].imag() << ")\n";
   return 0;
}

Answer 1

You're trying to modify non- mutable member field result in const -qualified operator() .

Resolve this discrepancy.

Edit #1: I have already mentioned the two keywords above. Either:

1. Remove const qualifier from operator() :

    void operator() ( const blocked_range<size_t>& r ) { ... } 

2. Make result mutable :

    mutable vector<dcmplx> result; 

Additional erorrs may emerge after applying (although strongly preferred ) variant no. 1. No. 2 is just for completeness and is used only in marginal situations .

It indeed results in an error with the 1st variant. This is because tbb::parallel_for takes Func by const& , so it can call only const -qualified member functions on your functor. Why? TBB doesn't want to waste performance by copying large functors (STL passes them by value).

I don't know what's the common practice here, I've never used this library.

---

Edit #2: Probably all you were missing was that result wasn't a reference:

vector<dcmplx> &result;

Now you'll be able to modify it, even in const -qualified operator() . Modifying a member that gets destructed afterwards wouldn't make sense.

Don't forget to change the constructor's signature to pass y by reference, too.

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Off topic issues in your code:

• Not included <vector> header

• using namespace bulky_namespace globally

• not using size_t for i in the for -loop

• maybe more...