为什么pip冻结列表“pkg-resources==0.0.0”？

Question

On Ubuntu 16.04 with virtualenv 15.0.1 and Python 3.5.2 (both installed with apt ) when I create and activate new Python virtual environment with

virtualenv .virtualenvs/wtf -p $(which python3) --no-site-packages
source .virtualenvs/wtf/bin/activate

I get the following output:

Already using interpreter /usr/bin/python3
Using base prefix '/usr'
New python executable in /home/das-g/.virtualenvs/wtf/bin/python3
Also creating executable in /home/das-g/.virtualenvs/wtf/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pkg_resources, pip, wheel...done.

Indeed pip freeze --all lists these 4 packages:

pip==8.1.2
pkg-resources==0.0.0
setuptools==25.2.0
wheel==0.29.0

Though, I'd expect pip freeze (without --all ) to omit these implicitly installed packages. It does omit some of them, but not pkg-resources :

pkg-resources==0.0.0

(Same btw. for pip freeze --local )

While this is consistent with the help text

$> pip freeze --help | grep '\--all'
  --all                       Do not skip these packages in the output: pip, setuptools, distribute, wheel

having pkg-resources in the pip freeze output doesn't seem very useful and might even be harmful. (I suspect it's why running pip-sync from pip-tools uninstalls pkg-resources from the virtual environment, subtly breaking the environment thereby.) Is there any good reason why pip freeze lists pkg-resources instead of omitting it, too? As far as I remember, it didn't list it on Ubuntu 14.04 (with Python 3.4).

Answer 1

According to https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/4022 , this is a bug resulting from Ubuntu providing incorrect metadata to pip. So, no there does not seem to be a good reason for this behaviour. I filed a follow-up bug with Ubuntu. https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/python-pip/+bug/1635463

Answer 2

I had the same problem in my virtual environment. I removed it with pip uninstall pkg-resources==0.0.0

Answer 3

As mentioned in other answer this is a bug. However, on linux you can use the following command to automatically remove the line containing pkg-resources==0.0.0 .

$ pip freeze > requirements.in && grep -v "pkg-resources==0.0.0" requirements.in > temp && mv temp requirements.in