在Django Rest Framework中使用PUT更新外键

Question

I am basically a new entrant into Rest framework and relatively new to Django. I am working on an Employee Rest API and I created Employee - Department tables using below Django models. I assigned a foreign key relationship between Employee's-department ID and Department-department ID. Now I want to update the Employee table using PUT operation. But when i update Employee.dept_id, it is not updated with the new value. I understand that since its a read only field, am not able to update it. How to change it to write field? so that i can update the department id in the employee table.

models.py

class Department(models.Model):
    dept_id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
    dept_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.dept_id

    class Meta:
        ordering = ('dept_id',)


class Employee(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30,blank=True)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=30,null=True,blank=True)
    emp_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    hire_date = models.DateField(default=datetime.date.today)
    email_id = models.EmailField(blank=True)
    dept = models.ForeignKey(Department, null=True,blank=True,related_name="dept")

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s %s' % (self.first_name, self.last_name)

    class Meta:
        ordering = ('emp_id',)

My serializers for the above models are

serializers.py

class DepartmentSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = Department
        fields = ('dept_id','dept_name')


class EmployeeSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    dept_id = DepartmentSerializer().get_fields()

    class Meta:
        model = Employee
        fields = ('emp_id','last_name','first_name','hire_date','email_id', 'dept_id')

views.py

@api_view(['GET','POST'])
def employee_list(request, format=None):
    """
    List all employees, or create a new employee
    """

    if request.method == 'GET':
        employees = Employee.objects.all()
        serializer = EmployeeSerializer(employees,many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data)

    elif request.method == 'POST':
        serializer = EmployeeSerializer(data=request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save()
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)


@api_view(['GET','PUT','DELETE'])
def employee_detail(request, pk, format=None):
    """
    Retrieve, update or delete a employee.

    """
    try:
        employee = Employee.objects.get(pk=pk)
    except Employee.DoesNotExist:
        return Response(status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)

    if request.method=='GET':
        serializer = EmployeeSerializer(employee)
        return Response(serializer.data)

    elif request.method == 'PUT':
        serializer = EmployeeSerializer(employee,data=request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save()
            return Response(serializer.data)
        return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

    elif request.method=='DELETE':
        employee.delete()
        return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)

Answer 1

You need to overwrite the create() and update() views in your Employee Serializer. Please refer this link for complete doc.