Bash：使用通配符区分文件和目录

Question

I have a couple of files in my working directory and I want to print all of the textual files, the problem is in my WD are also directories. This means, when I type:

cat *

The output is:

9 Tom Grapes 28
10 Ben Lemon 21
11 Paul Lime 37

Next cool file

cat: yang: Is a directory
cat: ying: Is a directory

I want to remove these 'error-messages', so I tried:

cat *[!/]

But it just returns:

cat: '*[!/]': No such file or directory

But the other way around:

cat */

prints only:

cat: yang: Is a directory
cat: ying: Is a directory

Does this mean everything even files end with a slash? If yes, is there a way to differentiate between files and directories? If not, why does this wild card not work?

PS: I'm using Linux

Answer 1

find -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec cat {} +

Edit:

To ignore hidden files

find -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '[!.]*' -exec cat {} +

Reference: Exclude hidden files when searching with Unix/Linux find?

Answer 2

Any expression like * only refers to the file name itself, not the type. Unless you have a distinct naming convention (eg files all have an extension, directories never do) it will be hard to distinguish between files and directories based on their name.

The trailing / is not part of the name.

Quick and dirty solution:

cat * 2>/dev/null

This addition just suppresses all error messages. (Actually, it re-routes them to the void.)

If I wanted to do it properly, this would be my first step. It might not be the best solution, but it goes through all entries in the directory, checks whether it's a file, and only cat those.

for f in *; do
    if [[ -f $f ]]; then
        cat $f
    fi
done

Which can be written in one line:

for f in *; do if [[ -f $f ]]; then cat $f; fi; done

Maybe someone else here has a better idea.